“…In the trade-related literature, there is widespread agreement that intra-SAFTA trade is not impressive (Akhter & Ghani, 2010; Akram et al, 2014; Jain & Kumar, 2018; Pushia & Jayesh, 2016; Raihan, 2012; Singh et al, 2018). This is especially observed in comparisons with other trade blocs of the world such as NAFTA, the North American Free Trade Agreement (Mzumara et al, 2012), the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC, 2017, 2018), ASEAN and CIS, the Commonwealth of Independent States (Basher, 2014; Karim, 2019; Kumar & Singh, 2009; Singla, 2016).…”