An annotated checklist of the valid avian species of Haemoproteus, Leucocytozoon (Apicomplexa: Haemosporida) and Hepatozoon (Apicomplexa: Haemogregarinidae)

Bennett, Gordon F.; Peirce, M. A.; Earlé, R. A.

doi:10.1007/bf00009839

Cited by 63 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The measurements of the parasites in this study were not identical with those given for L. lovati by Sambon (1908) and Fantham (1910), but as pointed out by Bennett et al (1991) in their redescription of this species, these parasites are highly pleomorphic. The host cell was greatly transformed by the parasite in our samples.…”

contrasting

confidence: 63%

“…are hematozoan parasites that are transmitted by bloodsucking arthropods (Jordan, 1990). Currently, more than 60 species of Leucocytozoon have been detected from birds throughout the world (Bennett et al, 1994). Although it is rare that leucocytozoonosis is incriminated as a cause of death, it has been observed in some avian species, including waterfowl (Greiner, 1991), eagles (Stuht et al, 1999), and grouse (Clarke, 1935).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leucocytozoon lovati is a common parasite of birds belonging to the Tetraoninae and has a Holarctic distribution (Bennett et al, 1991). Infections have been reported in red grouse (Lagopus lagopus scoticus), sage grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus), ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus), black grouse (Tetrao tetrix), blue grouse (Dendragapus obscurus), western capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus), willow ptarmigan (Lagopus lagopus), as well as rock ptarmigan (Lagopus mutus) (Sambon, 1908;Fantham, 1910;Clarke, 1935;Stabler et al, 1967;Bennett et al, 1991;Forbes et al, 1994;Dunbar et al, 2003;Holmstad et al, 2003).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Leucocytozoon lovati Infections in Wild Rock Ptarmigan (Lagopus mutus) in Japan

Hagihara

Yamaguchi

Kitahara³

et al. 2004

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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Leucocytozoon lovati infections were detected in free-flying rock ptarmigan (Lagopus mutus), an endangered species that inhabits alpine areas in Japan. Eight of nine adult birds tested positive for L. lovati infection. For comparison, two captive rock ptarmigans hatched in a breeding facility at the foot of the mountains were examined. Both were negative for L. lovati infection. This is the first report of L. lovati infection in the rock ptarmigan in Japan.

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confidence: 63%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Leucocytozoon lovati Infections in Wild Rock Ptarmigan (Lagopus mutus) in Japan

Hagihara

Yamaguchi

Kitahara³

et al. 2004

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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“…Classical taxonomic practice assumed a high degree of host specificity (Bennett and Peirce 1988;Bennett et al 1994), though some described species of Plasmodium are believed to infect hosts from various avian families on multiple continents (Bennett et al 1993). Recent molecular analyses of avian malaria parasites based primarily on mitochondrial sequences have revealed a wealth of genetic diversity among parasite lineages that is not apparent in their morphology (Bensch et al 2000;Perkins and Schall 2002;Ricklefs and Fallon 2002).…”

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confidence: 99%

Host Specialization and Geographic Localization of Avian Malaria Parasites: A Regional Analysis in the Lesser Antilles

Fallon¹,

Bermingham²,

Ricklefs³

2005

The American Naturalist

154

117

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We recovered 26 genetically distinct avian malaria parasite lineages, based on cytochrome b sequences, from a broad survey of terrestrial avifauna of the Lesser Antilles. Here we describe their distributions across host species within a regional biogeographic context. Most parasite lineages were recovered from a few closely related host species. Specialization on one host species and distribution across many hosts were both rare. Geographic patterns of parasite lineages indicated limited dispersal and frequent local extinction. The central islands of the archipelago share similar parasite lineages and patterns of infection. However, the peripheral islands harbor welldifferentiated parasite communities, indicating long periods of isolation. Nonetheless, 20 of 26 parasite lineages were recovered from at least one of three other geographic regions, the Greater Antilles, North America, and South America, suggesting rapid dispersal relative to rate of differentiation. Six parasite lineages were restricted to the Lesser Antilles, primarily to endemic host species. Host differences between populations of the same parasite lineage suggest that host preference may evolve more rapidly than mitochondrial gene sequences. Taken together, distributions of avian malarial parasites reveal evidence of coevolution, host switching, extinction, and periodic recolonization events resulting in ecologically dynamic as well as evolutionarily stable patterns of infection.

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“…Detection and description of Leucocytozoon species has been based on morphological analyses using microscopic observation of blood smears [3,6,13] which sometimes fails to detect the pathogen in cases of low parasitemia. Moreover, it has been suggested that there may be redundancy in the nomenclature of Leucocytozoon species [8].…”

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confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic Comparison of Leucocytozoon spp. from Wild Birds of Japan

Sato

Hagihara

Yamaguchi

et al. 2007

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Eight species of Japanese birds were found to be infected with Leucocytozoon species using microscopic analysis. We used PCR and sequence analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene (cyt b) to compare the genetic background among these detected protozoa species. In 20 individuals of 22 samples, a single amplified band was detected from 6 of 8 bird species; 9 Japanese rock ptarmigans (Lagopus mutus japonicus), 4 large-billed crows (Corvus macrorhynchos), 2 carrion crows (C. corone), 2 scops owls (Otus scops), 1 Japanese grosbeak (Eophona personata), and 2 brown-eared bulbuls (Hypsipetes amaurotis), respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on the partial cyt b sequences revealed that all Leucocytozoon isolates in Japan closely grouped with other Leucocytozoon species previously reported in the literature. Among the Japanese isolates, the phylogenetic tree suggested that L. lovati from the Japanese rock ptarmigan may be basal to the parasites found in other bird species. Our study is the first to identify the molecular relationships among Leucocytozoon parasites in the avifauna of Japan. KEY WORDS: cyt b, Japan, Lagopus mutus, Leucocytozoon, wild bird.

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An annotated checklist of the valid avian species of Haemoproteus, Leucocytozoon (Apicomplexa: Haemosporida) and Hepatozoon (Apicomplexa: Haemogregarinidae)

Abstract: The valid avian species of the apicomplexan blood parasite genera Haemoproteus, Hepatozoon and Leucocytozoon are arranged according to host family, assuming host familial specificity; salient points of the parasite morphology are recorded where appropriate.

Cited by 63 publications

References 49 publications

Leucocytozoon lovati Infections in Wild Rock Ptarmigan (Lagopus mutus) in Japan

Leucocytozoon lovati Infections in Wild Rock Ptarmigan (Lagopus mutus) in Japan

Host Specialization and Geographic Localization of Avian Malaria Parasites: A Regional Analysis in the Lesser Antilles

Phylogenetic Comparison of Leucocytozoon spp. from Wild Birds of Japan

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