An Application of Semi-empirical Physical Model of Tsunami-Bore Pressure on Buildings

Abstract

Characteristic patterns of tsunami wave pressure on buildings is divided into three types, depending on its vertical profiles and time, which is observed after the tsunami impacted the buildings. The first one is the impulsive pressure, which is observed just after the tsunami impacted the buildings. The second one is the bore pressure, which is observed after the impulsive pressures. The third one is the quasi-steady pressure, which is observed after the bores go away from the buildings. In this study, based on characteristics of bore pressure observed in a hydraulic experiment, a semi-empirical physical model of bore pressure is developed by applying a turbulent bore theory. Also, we present an application method of the semi-empirical physical model to evaluations of bore pressure with usage of numerical results of inundation simulations of two-dimensional nonlinear shallow water equation models. Furthermore, we apply the semi-empirical physical model to evaluations of pressure acting on buildings in an inundation area by carrying out numerical simulations of tsunami inundation.

Tsunami-like Flow-Induced Forces on the Landward Structure behind a Vertical Seawall with and without Recurve Using OpenFOAM

“…In addition, the generated bore in Thomas and Cox [31] was steeper compared to our dam break surge, which might have shifted the location of maximum force to the impact phase, even in the absence of a mitigation wall in their study. Thus, the Froude number of the incoming flow also plays a significant role in the forces on the landward structure since the flow accumulation at the mitigation wall front depends on Fr [81,85,93].…”

Tidal bore impact pressures on a trestle pier in the Qiantang River Estuary, China

“…[25][26][27][28] Researchers at the Hinsdale Wave Research Laboratory (HWRL) at Oregon State University conducted extensive largescale physical model experiments on elevated structures subjected to storm waves, surges, and tsunami-like waves. 26,[29][30][31] Kihara et al [32][33][34] conducted a series of physical model experiments at the Central Research Institute of the Electric Power Industry (CRIEPI, Japan) using a large wave flume to produce tsunami inundations and studied their impacts on complex topographies and buildings. Numerical models are primarily based on solving the complete Navier-Stokes equations.…”