Precise patterning with microscale lateral resolution
and widely
tunable heights is critical for integrating colloidal nanocrystals
into advanced optoelectronic and photonic platforms. However, patterning
nanocrystal layers with thickness above 100 nm remains challenging
for both conventional and emerging direct photopatterning methods,
due to limited light penetration depths, complex mechanical and chemical
incompatibilities, and others. Here, we introduce a direct patterning
method based on a thermal mechanism, namely, the thermally activated
ligand chemistry (or TALC) of nanocrystals. The ligand cross-linking
or decomposition reactions readily occur under local thermal stimuli
triggered by near-infrared lasers, affording high-resolution and nondestructive
patterning of various nanocrystals under mild conditions. Patterned
quantum dots fully preserve their structural and photoluminescent
quantum yields. The thermal nature allows for TALC to pattern over
10 μm thick nanocrystal layers in a single step, far beyond
those achievable in other direct patterning techniques, and also supports
the concept of 2.5D patterning. The thermal chemistry-mediated TALC
creates more possibilities in integrating nanocrystal layers in uniform
arrays or complex hierarchical formats for advanced capabilities in
light emission, conversion, and modulation.