An empirical model to predict soil bulk density profiles in field conditions using penetration resistance, moisture content and soil depth

Hernanz, J. L.; Peixoto, H.; Cerisola, Cecilia; Sánchez-Girón, V.

doi:10.1016/s0022-4898(99)00020-8

Cited by 63 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In the case of increasing penetration resistance as a function of the reduction of the base area, similar results were observed by Hernanz et al (2000). These authors noted that in addition to increases in resistance values according to reduction in area of the cone base, data variation also increased, thus requiring a greater number of samples to maintain an acceptable coefficient of variation.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

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Penetration resistance according to penetration rate, cone base size and different soil conditions

et al. 2014

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This study aimed to evaluate the effect of penetration rate and the size of the cone base on the resistance to penetration under different soil moistures and soil bulk density. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 4x2x2x2 factorial arrangement, with the factors, soil bulk density of 1.0; 1.2; 1.4 and 1.6 Mg m , penetration rates of 0.166 and 30 mm s -1 and areas of the cone base of 10.98 and 129.28 mm 2 resulting in 32 treatments with 8 replicates. To ensure greater uniformity and similarity to field conditions, samples passed through cycles of wetting and drying. Only the interaction of the four factors was not significant. Resistance values varied with the density of the soil, regardless of moisture and penetration rate. Soil penetration resistance was influenced by the size of the cone base, with higher values for the smallest base independent of moisture and soil bulk density. The relationship between resistance to penetration and moisture is not always linear, once it is influenced by soil bulk density. Reduction in the area of the cone leads to an increase in the soil resistance to penetration.Key words: soil bulk density, soil moisture, methodology.Resistência do solo à penetração em função da velocidade de penetração, tamanho da base do cone e diferentes condições do solo , resultando em 32 tratamentos com oito repetições. Visando dar maior uniformidade e maior semelhança às condições de campo, as amostras passaram por ciclos de umedecimento e secagem. Apenas a interação dos quatro fatores não foi significativa. Os valores de resistência variaram com a densidade do solo, independentemente da umidade e da velocidade de penetração. A resistência do solo à penetração foi influenciada pelo tamanho da base do cone, com a menor base apresentando os maiores valores, independentemente da umidade e da densidade do solo. A relação entre resistência do solo à penetração e umidade nem sempre é linear, pois é influenciada pelo valor da densidade do solo. A diminuição do tamanho da base do cone provoca incremento no valor da resistência do solo à penetração.Palavras-chave: densidade do solo, umidade do solo, metodologia.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

“…Among them, stand out the studies of Spektor (1981) and Hernanz et al (2000), which worked with varying sizes of cone base. Both studies observed an indirect relationship between the size of the cone base and the variation range and values of resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Penetration resistance according to penetration rate, cone base size and different soil conditions

et al. 2014

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“…Although penetration resistance at both sites was measured during the same day at field capacity conditions, the lower organic matter content observed at site 1, could have resulted in a lower water holding capacity and thus a lower water content. Lower water contents generally result in higher frictional forces and hence a higher penetration resistance as was observed by many researchers (Henderson et al, 1988;Hernanz et al, 2000;Vaz et al, 2001). However, below a given soil-water content, interparticle cohesional forces dominate over frictional forces and the opposite could occur, as was observed by Smith et al (1997) at low bulk densities.…”

Section: Correlation Between Bulk Density and Penetration Resistancementioning

confidence: 63%

Impact of mechanized logging on compaction status of sandy forest soils

Ampoorter

Goris²,

Cornelis

et al. 2007

Forest Ecology and Management

172

103

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“…Tests have been performed using soil samples with defined properties produced in laboratories (Ayers & Perumpral, 1982;Hernanz, Peixoto, Cerisola, & Sánchez-Girón, 2000;Mapfumo & Chanasyk, 1998;Smith, Johnson, & Lorentz, 1997), and as a result, functions have been derived that describe the relationships between CI, soil density and moisture content. These functions largely depend on the soil textural class, especially on clay content.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the soil penetration resistance along a transect to determine the loosening depth

et al. 2006

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the distribution of soil strength (measured as cone index, CI) along a 600 m transect and to determine the soil loosening depth necessary to eliminate zones with soil strengths exceeding a threshold value down to a depth of 0.6 m. The transect was located at a site in a glacial drift area which was characterised by sandy deposits overlying boulder clay. A tractor-mounted multi-penetrometer array consisting of four hydraulically driven single vertical penetrometers was used to determine CI at 1-m sampling intervals as a measure of penetration resistance. The spatial fluctuation of the CI readings in general and that of repeatedly averaged readings along the transect was examined. Furthermore, the relationships between the penetration resistance of several soil layers and the relationships between the CI of single penetrometers were identified. Averaged CI values over 5-m intervals were used to determine the depth of soil loosening required. By using various data sub-sets based on the averaged data of the four array mounted penetrometers and simulating several different sampling intervals, treatment intervals and threshold values of soil strength, a sampling interval of about 10 m proved to be sufficiently accurate to determine the loosening depth required.

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An empirical model to predict soil bulk density profiles in field conditions using penetration resistance, moisture content and soil depth

Cited by 63 publications

References 14 publications

Penetration resistance according to penetration rate, cone base size and different soil conditions

Penetration resistance according to penetration rate, cone base size and different soil conditions

Impact of mechanized logging on compaction status of sandy forest soils

Evaluation of the soil penetration resistance along a transect to determine the loosening depth

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