“…MNPs have been employed as transducer surface modifiers to both enhance the capacity for the stable and well-oriented immobilization of biomolecules and improve the charge transport rates [ 6 ]. Taking advantage of these properties, a variety of electrode scaffolds using MNPs have been designed for the construction of enzyme biosensors [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ], immunosensors [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ], aptasensors [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ], and DNA biosensors [ 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ]. Table 1 summarizes the main characteristic, including the nanomaterial roles, the limits of detection, and the analyzed sample, of the electrochemical biosensing strategies involving multifunctional MNPs.…”