An equity perspective on access to, enrolment in and finance of tertiary education

Asplund, Rita; Adbelkarim, Oussama Ben; Skalli, Alí

doi:10.1080/09645290802338102

Cited by 28 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The main argument for free HE is that individuals with different socioeconomic backgrounds should have an equal opportunity to access HE (e.g., Asplund, Adbelkarim and Skalli, 2008). International empirical evidence supports the observation that decreasing costs of university education increases the attendance and completion of schooling in low socioeconomic groups (see, e.g., Dynarski, 2002;Deming and Dynarski, 2009;Dynarski and Scott-Clayton, 2013).…”

Section: Financing Higher Education 23mentioning

confidence: 80%

R&D subsidies and productivity in SMEs

Karhunen

Huovari

2015

Small Bus Econ

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This dissertation consists of an introductory chapter and four separate empirical studies which study higher education and productivity in Finland. Introductory chapter presents shortly the motivation, background and main results of this thesis. First three articles focus on the relationship between working while studying, dropout behavior and later labor market outcomes at individual level. Fourth article examines how subsidies affect labor productivity at the firm level.The first article of this thesis studies how working while studying relates to earnings after graduation from university or polytechnic. Analysis focuses on working while studying and earnings over two year period after graduation. The results show that early work experience is related to higher earnings right after graduation year, but instrumental variable estimations find no significant causal effect for university students.The second article explores on the relationship between working while studying and migration. Migration propensities are studied up to three years after graduation. Results show that working while studying can partly explain why the mobility of highly educated people has declined. We find that that there are differences by study region and earlier migration behavior.The third article examines the relationship between the decision to drop out from university and labor market outcomes. Results indicate that compared to similar university graduates, the dropouts' annual earnings are on average 11,000 euros lower four years after the dropout decision. Dropouts have also a higher probability of being self-employed than similar graduates.The fourth article examines the effect of R&D subsidies on labour productivity. Study uses firm-level data on Finnish SMEs from 2000 to 2012 and apply a combined matching and difference-in-differences method to control for selection bias. Study does not find significant positive effect on labour productivity over the five-year period after a subsidy is granted.

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Section: Financing Higher Education 23mentioning

confidence: 80%

R&D subsidies and productivity in SMEs

Karhunen

Huovari

2015

Small Bus Econ

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“…These 1 Using a different methodology and different data, Asplund et al (2008) also find that for a subset of OECD countries the association between higher education and parental education is highest in Ireland. Throughout the paper, references to Ireland exclude Northern Ireland which is part of the United Kingdom.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of abolishing university tuition costs: evidence from Ireland

Denny

2011

Working Paper Series

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University tuition fees for undergraduates were abolished in Ireland in 1996. This paper examines the effect of this reform on the socio-economic gradient to determine whether the reform was successful in achieving its objective of promoting educational equality that is improving the chances of low socioeconomic status(SES) students progressing to university. It finds that the reform clearly did not have that effect. It is also shown that the university/SES gradient can be explained by differential performance at second level. Students from white collar backgrounds do significantly better in their final second level exams than the children of blue-collar workers. The results are very similar to recent findings for the UK. The results show that the effect of SES on school performance is generally stronger for those at the lower end of the conditional distribution of academic attainment. 1.IntroductionThe transition from secondary to higher education is an important milestone for an individual and one that generally brings substantial financial and other benefits. Understanding the barriers to making this transition is therefore important and has been widely studied by economists and others. The potential rôle of tuition costs is important because it is an instrument that governments can seek to manipulate. This paper is concerned with one large reform to tuition costs in an economy, Ireland, where there has been a longstanding concern that people from a low socio-economic status (SES) background are heavily under-represented in higher education in general and universities in particular. This has been well established in several official reports for example Clancy (1988Clancy ( , 2001) and most recently O'Connell et al (2006). This generates a high inter-generational correlation in educational attainment and clearly constrains social mobility. Leaving aside concerns about equity, it also implies an efficiency loss to the economy. The educational immobility between generations in Ireland is high relative to many other countries: in a crosscountry study of inter-generational educational mobility using data on OECD countriesChevalier et al (2009) find that the association between education levels of individuals and their parents was highest in Ireland 1 . While the scale of the problem is well known, there is a lack of research which establishes why low SES groups do not progress to higher education.There are some qualitative studies on the subject as well as numerous policy evaluations and reviews 2 . However these cannot (nor do they claim to) establish what the causal mechanisms behind educational disadvantage are, still less to quantify them. Hence they are of limited assistance in the design of policy.That said, the government operates several programs to deal with educational disadvantage in schools under the heading "Delivering Equality of Opportunity in Schools" (DEIS). These 1 Using a different methodology and different data, Asplund et al. (2008) also find that for a subset of OECD countries the associat...

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“…6 ), organizuojami įvairūs tarptautiniai tyrimai, pavyzdžiui, "Eurostudent 2005". Bandymai nustatyti įvairioms šalims tinkamus teisingumo indikatorius (European Group..., 2005), vykdomos nacionalinių švietimo teisingumo strategijų paieškos (Asplund et al, 2007 ir kt.) taip pat rodo šio klausimo svarbą.…”

Section: Teisingumas Ir Aukštasis Mokslasunclassified

“…Kadangi aukštasis mokslas yra švietimo sistemos smaigalys, svarbu išmatuoti, kiek ir kokių visuomenės grupių atstovų dalyvauja sistemoje (Lynch, 2000, p. 93). Matuojant aukštojo mokslo teisingumą atsižvelgiama į visos visuomenės socialinę sistemą, tradicijas (Asplund et al, 2007;Meuret, 2001). Stebėsena padeda susidaryti visuomenės sluoksnių žemėlapį švietimo sistemoje rasių, lyčių, socialinių sluoksnių ir kitais pjūviais.…”

Section: šVietimo Teisingumo Matavimasunclassified

Švietimo reformos ir teisingumas

Purvaneckienė¹,

Čiužaitė²

2010

ActPaed

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Docentė socialinių mokslųEdukologijos magistrė (edukologija) daktarė Vilniaus universiteto Edukologijos katedra Vilniaus universiteto Edukologijos katedra Universiteto g. 9/1, LT-01513, Vilnius Universiteto g. 9/1, LT-01513, Vilnius ĮvadasŠvietimas -vienas iš svarbiausių veiksnių, nulemiančių tiek visuomenės išsivystymą, tiek paties žmogaus pasiekimus šiuolaiki-nėje visuomenėje. Ne veltui visuomenės socialinis išsivystymas matuojamas pasiekimais švietimo sistemoje. Pavyzdžiui, Jungtinių Tautų skaičiuojamas žmogaus socialinės raidos rodiklis (HDI) tiesiogiai priklauso nuo žmonių raštingumo ir jų dalyvavimo pirminiame, antriniame ir tretiniame švietimo sistemos lygmenyse 1 . Vertinant socialinę žmogaus raidą, bandoma apskaičiuoti, kaip visuomenės gerovė (tarp jų ir švietimo prieinamumas bei rezultatai) pasiskirsto tarp atskirų visuomenės grupių. Pavyzdžiui, tam sukurtas kitas -lyčių socia linės raidos rodiklis (GDI), kuris nustato, ar vienodi moterų ir vyrų pasiekimai toje visuomenėje. Jis remiasi tų pačių pa- "Vidurinis išsilavinimas -kiekvienam pagal kišenę" -tai straipsnio "Lietuvos ryto" priede "Vartai" pavadinimas (Brazaitytė, 2010). Gali pasirodyti keista, bet straipsnyje tokiu pavadinimu nėra nieko apie švietimo teisingumą. Autorė tiesiog 2 Ten pat, p. 358-359.

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An equity perspective on access to, enrolment in and finance of tertiary education

Cited by 28 publications

References 51 publications

R&D subsidies and productivity in SMEs

R&D subsidies and productivity in SMEs

The effect of abolishing university tuition costs: evidence from Ireland

Švietimo reformos ir teisingumas

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