An exopolysaccharide produced by Geobacillus thermodenitrificans strain B3-72: Antiviral activity on immunocompetent cells

Bacterial Polymers Produced by Extremophiles: Biosynthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Exopolysaccharides

“…Actually, high levels of IFN-␣, IL-12, IFN-␥ , TNF-␣, and IL-18 (IFN, interferons; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; IL, interleukine) were detected in supernatants of PBMCs treated with EPS-2; additionally, the stimulating effect of the inflammatory response was found to be dose dependent. Those results highlight the potential role of EPS-2 from B. thermodenitrificans as adjuvant in equilibrating the immune response during viral infection and that the immunological disorders determined by HSV-2 could be partially restored by treatment with EPS (Arena et al, 2009).…”

Thermophiles as a Promising Source of Exopolysaccharides with Interesting Properties

“…In its native or over-sulphated form it modulated the complement system suggesting an effective treatment of diseases caused by deregulation of the immune system and overactivation of the complement system. A dose-dependent immunomodulatory and antiviral effects of extracellular polysaccharides, produced by Bacillus licheniformis strain T14 and Geobacillus thermodenitrifi cans strain B3-72 were proven and a partial restoration of immunological disorders after treatment with this EPS was observed (Arena et al 2006(Arena et al , 2009. The novel EPS1-T14 was able to act as immunomodulator inhibiting herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) replication by triggering the production of Th1-type cytokines (Gugliandolo et al 2014 ).…”

“…Novel biopolymers produced by thermophilic bacteria could suggest different chemical structure and correspondingly different physicochemical properties valuable for medical and pharmaceutical applications, especially for drug delivery, tissue engineering, as immunostimulatory, immunomodulatory, antitumor, antiviral, anti-infl ammatory and antioxidant agents (Arena et al 2009 ;Sam et al 2011 ;Lee and Mooney 2012 ;Freitas et al 2014 ).…”

Exopolysaccharides Production and Characterization from Marine-Derived Penicillium commune KP942881.1 with Some Medical Potential Applications

“…So, the EPS of P. commune exhibited antiviral activity in percentage of 22.8% (Fig.13). Arena et al (2009) reported that EPS from Bacillus licheniformis and Geobacillus thermodenitrificans are known to interfere with the adsorption and penetration of viruses into host cells, as well as inhibit various retroviral reverse transcriptases.…”