An Experimental Study of Tympanic Membrane and Manubrium Vibrations in Rats

Akache, Fadi; Funnell, W. Robert J.; Daniel, Sam J.

doi:10.1159/000097247

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…These data suggest that there is an axis perpendicular to the manubrium below 8 kHz in guinea pigs, which contradicts Fleischer's hypothesis. Supporting our results, Akache et al [13] observed a significantly low ratio in half of six rats. The TM of guinea pig, as rat, is much bigger than that of mouse, and size of the TM may changes the rotation axis modes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The range of velocities across animals was approximately 20 dB throughout the frequency range. Two peaks in the velocity response were seen at 2 kHz and 4.5 kHz, which were similar to the two peaks at 1.5–2.5 and 5–7.5 kHz in rats reported by Bigelow et al [3] and Akache et al [13]. It seems that a third peak appears at 7 kHz, however, a measurement using higher frequencies (>8 kHz) is needed to clarify this peak in the future.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

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Small Tympanic Membrane Perforations in the Inferior Quadrants Do Not Impact the Manubrium Vibration in Guinea Pigs

et al. 2012

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BackgroundIt has been believed that location of the perforation has a significant impact on hearing loss. However, recent studies have demonstrated that the perforation sites had no impact on hearing loss. We measured the velocity and pattern of the manubrium vibration in guinea pigs with intact and perforated eardrum using a laser Doppler vibrometer in order to determine the effects of different location perforations on the middle ear transfer functions.MethodsTwo bullas from 2 guinea pigs were used to determine stability of the umbo velocities, and 12 bullas from six guinea pigs to determine the effects of different location perforations on sound transmission. The manubrium velocity was measured at three points on the manubrium in the frequencies of 0.5–8 kHz before and after a perforation was made. The sites of perforations were in anterior-inferior (AI) quadrants of left ears and posterior-inferior (PI) quadrants of right ears.ResultsThe manubrium vibration velocity losses were noticed in the perforated ears only below 1.5 kHz. The maximum velocity loss was about 7 dB at 500 Hz with the PI perforation. No significant difference in the velocity loss was found between AI and PI perforations. The average ratio of short process velocity to the umbo velocity was approximately 0.5 at all frequencies. No significant differences were found before and after perforation at all frequencies (p>0.05) except 7 kHz (p = 0.004) for both AI and PI perforations.ConclusionsThe manubrium vibration velocity losses from eardrum perforation were frequency-dependent and the largest losses occur at low frequencies. Manubrium velocity losses caused by small acute inferior perforations in guinea pigs have no significant impact on middle ear sound transmission at any frequency tested. The manubrium vibration axis may be perpendicular to the manubrium below 8 kHz in guinea pigs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Small Tympanic Membrane Perforations in the Inferior Quadrants Do Not Impact the Manubrium Vibration in Guinea Pigs

et al. 2012

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“…It has been reported that the vibration patterns vary at different locations of the TM in normal ears (Tonndorf and Khanna, 1972;Akache et al, 2007). This variation enables the opportunity for evaluation of middle ear struc- tures, but can also be a source of variance for the results.…”

Section: Fixation Of Sml and Amlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fixation and detachment of superior and anterior malleolar ligaments in human middle ear: Experiment and modeling

et al. 2007

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The aim of this study is to investigate the function of the superior malleolar ligament (SML) and the anterior malleolar ligament (AML) in human middle ear for sound transmission through simulations of fixation and detachment of these ligaments in human temporal bones and a finite element (FE) ear model. Two laser vibrometers were used to measure the vibrations of the tympanic membrane (TM) and stapes footplate. A 3-D FE ear model was used to predict the transfer function of the middle ear with ligament fixation and detachment. The results demonstrate that fixations and detachments of the SML and AML had different effects on TM and stapes footplate movements. Fixation of the SML resulted in a reduction of displacement of the TM (umbo) and the footplate at low frequencies (f<1000 Hz), but also caused a shift of displacement peak to higher frequencies. Fixation of both SML and AML caused a reduction of 15 dB at umbo or stapes at low frequencies. Detachment of the SML had almost no effect on TM and footplate mobility, but AML detachment had a minor effect on TM and footplate movement. The FE model was able to predict the effects of SML and AML fixation and detachment.

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“…Recently, Laser Doppler Vibrometer (LDV) systems have been widely used due to their reliability and accuracy in measurements of middle-ear vibrations. The measurements using the LDV system have been applied to temporal bones from human (Gan et al, 2004;Stenfelt and Goode, 2005) and animal cadavers (Sueur et al, 2006;Akache et al, 2007), and intra-operative measurements of live human (Goode et al, 1993;Huber et al, 2001;Whittemore et al, 2004;Chien et al, 2009). The measurements using the LDV system have been in one dimension, and several methods of obtaining 3-D components of the stapes motions have been developed recently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Errors in measurement of three-dimensional motions of the stapes using a Laser Doppler Vibrometer system

et al. 2010

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An Experimental Study of Tympanic Membrane and Manubrium Vibrations in Rats

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

Small Tympanic Membrane Perforations in the Inferior Quadrants Do Not Impact the Manubrium Vibration in Guinea Pigs

Small Tympanic Membrane Perforations in the Inferior Quadrants Do Not Impact the Manubrium Vibration in Guinea Pigs

Fixation and detachment of superior and anterior malleolar ligaments in human middle ear: Experiment and modeling

Errors in measurement of three-dimensional motions of the stapes using a Laser Doppler Vibrometer system

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