An H-shaped design for membraneless micro fuel cells

Fabrication and Test of an Air-Breathing Microfluidic Fuel Cell

“…Ferrigno et al [1] and Kjeang et al [2] tested the performance of microfluidic fuel cells using redox couples V(V)/V(IV) and V(III)/V(II) dissolved in sulfuric acid solution as aqueous oxidant and fuel, respectively. Accompanying a cathodic half-cell reaction using hydrogen peroxide or oxygen-saturated electrolyte as oxidant, methanol or formic acid is another common aqueous fuel [3][4][5][6] for microfluidic fuel cells. Zhu et al [7] proposed an air-breathing direct formic acid microfluidic fuel cell using graphite cylinder arrays as the anode, in order to extend the reactive surface area and improve fuel utilization by the three-dimensional anode.…”

New Concepts in the Chemistry and Engineering of Low‐Temperature Fuel Cells

“…This precise control of transport properties enables a wide range of applications, including drug discovery, protein crystallization, biomedical analysis, microfabrication, and energy conversion [87][88][89]. The Kenis group [77,[90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97] and others [86,[98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111] have exploited these microfluidic phenomena to develop a class of membraneless fuel cells that are also referred to as laminar flow-based fuel cells (LFFCs). The laminar nature of flow eliminates the need for a physical barrier, such as an expensive polymeric membrane, while still allowing for ionic transport between the anode and the cathode.…”

“…Using such a focusing technique, both fuel utilization and power density may be increased as it enables the use of higher concentrations of fuel and oxidant. Altering structural parameters of the microchannel in which the reactants flow can further improve performance and fuel utilization [108][109][110]125,126]. For example, Ahmed et al developed a "tridentshaped" design that used electrolyte stream in the channel center to focus both the fuel and oxidant streams onto their respective electrodes [108].…”

Vanadium microfluidic fuel cell with novel multi-layer flow-through porous electrodes: Model, simulations and experiments

“…Following this first review, a variety of MFC systems have been reported based on different fuel-oxidant combinations [10][11][12], electrode materials [13][14][15][16][17][18][19], and micro-channel configurations [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. Recent reviews summarized the work conducted in this field with respect to design considerations [28], critical limiting factors [29] and selection of electrode and catalyst materials [30] to boost the cell performance.…”