An Imaging Panorama of Salivary Gland Lesions as seen on High Resolution Ultrasound

Gandage, Siddappa Gurubalappa; Kachewar, Sushil

doi:10.7860/jcdr/2014/9724.4928

Cited by 6 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…At present, USG and Doppler ultrasound are the most preferred tools. 8,9,11,13,18,25 Using CT, Wu et al 19 evaluated the volumes of the parotid glands in 18 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma before radiotherapy and at 2-3 years after radiotherapy, but they preferred USG for follow-up care after 8-11 years. Likewise, Jindal et al, 12 Johari et al, 5 Imanimognaddam et al, 2 and Cheng et al 9,10 used USG to examine the dimensional changes in the parotid and submandibular glands after radiotherapy in patients with head and neck cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Introduced to the field of medicine in the 1940s, USG has become the most preferred imaging method for evaluating soft tissues, specifically the salivary glands, worldwide. 2,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] To this end, using USG, the present study investigated the dimensional changes (anteroposterior, superoinferior, and mediolateral dimensions and volume) in bilateral submandibular glands in patients with head and neck cancer receiving radiotherapy.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Assessment of Dimensional Changes in Submandibular Glands in Head–Neck Radiotherapy Patients by Ultrasonography

Açıkgöz

Akgül

Ozmen

et al. 2022

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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Objectives The present study investigated the dimensional changes in the submandibular glands following radiotherapy using ultrasonography. Methods Twenty‐three patients planned to receive head–neck radiotherapy were included in this study. The anteroposterior, superoinferior, mediolateral length, and volumes of 46 submandibular glands were measured by ultrasonography at 3 different time periods (before radiotherapy and in the second and sixth months after the radiotherapy onset) and evaluated in terms of dimensional changes and the effect of the radiation dose on these changes. The data were statistically analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and 2‐factor repeated measures ANOVA. Results Before radiotherapy and in the second and sixth months after the radiotherapy onset, mean anteroposterior length of the submandibular glands was 32.39 ± 4.55, 30.38 ± 4.80, and 31.50 ± 3.68 mm, respectively; mean superoinferior length was 9.96 ± 1.54, 8.76 ± 1.26, and 9.08 ± 1.01 mm, respectively; mean mediolateral length was 24.66 ± 3.77, 22.03 ± 3.73, and 21.76 ± 4.01 mm, respectively; and mean volume was 4.21 ± 1.01, 3.08 ± 0.77, and 3.32 ± 0.63 cm3, respectively. Moreover, there were significant differences in the anteroposterior (P < .01), superoinferior (P < .001), and mediolateral lengths (P < .001), as well as the volumes (P < .001) of the submandibular glands measured at the 3 different time periods. Conclusion In the second and sixth months after the radiotherapy onset, the sizes of the submandibular glands were markedly reduced, but it partially recovered to normal as more time elapsed after radiotherapy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Dimensional Changes in Submandibular Glands in Head–Neck Radiotherapy Patients by Ultrasonography

Açıkgöz

Akgül

Ozmen

et al. 2022

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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“…Salivary gland inflammation is caused by a variety of factors and is the most common of the major salivary gland lesions. USG is important for the diagnosis of salivary gland lesions, and its usefulness has been proven [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. However, diagnosis via USG images is difficult, and its accuracy depends on experience.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The USG findings of chronic sialadenitis vary with the stage of the disease: some show enlarged glands and dilated conduits, while others show multiple hypoechoic areas without enlarged glands. [ 3 , 8 ]. These findings suggest that obstructive sialoadenitis should always be included as a differential diagnosis because it presents with various aspects ranging from normal to abnormal images depending on its stage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the various types of salivary gland lesions, inflammation is most common and has various underlying pathogeneses [ 1 ], including salivary flow obstruction, viral or bacterial infection, and autoimmune diseases such as Sjögren’s syndrome (SjS). Some of these diseases cause characteristic changes in the salivary gland parenchyma and are clearly visualized by ultrasonography (USG) [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. Obstructive sialoadenitis is mainly due to sialoliths, most of which arise in the submandibular gland (SMG) or Wharton’s duct [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary Study on the Diagnostic Performance of a Deep Learning System for Submandibular Gland Inflammation Using Ultrasonography Images

Kise

Kuwada

Ariji

et al. 2021

JCM

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This study was performed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of deep learning systems using ultrasonography (USG) images of the submandibular glands (SMGs) in three different conditions: obstructive sialoadenitis, Sjögren’s syndrome (SjS), and normal glands. Fifty USG images with a confirmed diagnosis of obstructive sialoadenitis, 50 USG images with a confirmed diagnosis of SjS, and 50 USG images with no SMG abnormalities were included in the study. The training group comprised 40 obstructive sialoadenitis images, 40 SjS images, and 40 control images, and the test group comprised 10 obstructive sialoadenitis images, 10 SjS images, and 10 control images for deep learning analysis. The performance of the deep learning system was calculated and compared between two experienced radiologists. The sensitivity of the deep learning system in the obstructive sialoadenitis group, SjS group, and control group was 55.0%, 83.0%, and 73.0%, respectively, and the total accuracy was 70.3%. The sensitivity of the two radiologists was 64.0%, 72.0%, and 86.0%, respectively, and the total accuracy was 74.0%. This study revealed that the deep learning system was more sensitive than experienced radiologists in diagnosing SjS in USG images of two case groups and a group of healthy subjects in inflammation of SMGs.

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Evaluation of submandibular and parotid salivary glands by ultrasonography in patients with diabetes

Ozturk,

Yalcin

2024

J of Oral Rehabilitation

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BackgroundMicrovascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) include oral manifestations and complications, including xerostomia, reduced salivary flow, susceptibility to infection, periodontal disease and salivary gland enlargement.ObjectiveThe present study aims to evaluate B‐mode ultrasonography (USG) parameters such as size, volume and echogenicity of the submandibular and parotid salivary glands on both sides, shear‐wave elastography (SWE) value and colour Doppler properties in patients with DM and healthy control groups.MethodsIn total, 160 right and left submandibular glands and 160 right and left parotid glands of 80 patients, 40 patients (20 type 1 DM, 20 type 2 DM) and 40 healthy control group, between the ages of 18–70 were examined by USG. Echogenicity, parenchyma internal structure, margin and dimensional measurements (antero‐posterior length, supero‐inferior length, medio‐lateral length and volume) and colour Doppler with ‘ML 6‐15‐D Matrix Array (4‐15 MHz)’ probe, shear‐wave elastography ‘9L‐D (2–8 MHz)’ probe was investigated.ResultStatistically significant difference was observed in echogenicity in the right submandibular gland, echogenicity in the right parotid gland, margin characteristics, parenchymal homogeneity and colour Doppler characteristics between the type 1 DM, type 2 DM and control groups (p < .05). It was observed that the size, volume and SWE values of both submandibular and parotid glands were higher in the DM patient group than in the control group. Higher values were observed in type 2 DM compared to type 1 DM in the patient group.ConclusionUSG is an effective imaging technique in investigating the effects of diabetes on the submandibular and parotid salivary glands.

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An Imaging Panorama of Salivary Gland Lesions as seen on High Resolution Ultrasound

Cited by 6 publications

References 14 publications

Assessment of Dimensional Changes in Submandibular Glands in Head–Neck Radiotherapy Patients by Ultrasonography

Assessment of Dimensional Changes in Submandibular Glands in Head–Neck Radiotherapy Patients by Ultrasonography

Preliminary Study on the Diagnostic Performance of a Deep Learning System for Submandibular Gland Inflammation Using Ultrasonography Images

Evaluation of submandibular and parotid salivary glands by ultrasonography in patients with diabetes

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