Patients with salivary gland pathologies may present either with clinically assessable symptoms or just with cosmetic deformities due to bulge in the salivary gland. Clinical examination alone cannot pinpoint the etiology. Sonography can satisfactorily enable visualization of the abnormality noninvasively. It not only confirms the presence or absence of pathology but also enables image guided tissue retrieval for final pathological diagnosis.

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The results indicate that a local fetus would be anemic even before its MCA-PSV rises to the internationally accepted standard of fetal anemia. Hence, by the time the MCA-PSV value of the local fetus rises to the point where it is deemed severely anemic as per values mentioned in other published literature, it might be too late for intervention and the fetal health as well as life might be at stake. Each geographic locality should therefore develop its own standard values.

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