An immunohistochemical study of chromogranin A and human epidermal growth factor‐2 expression using initial prostate biopsy specimens from patients with bone metastatic prostate cancer

Yamada, Yoshiaki; Nakamura, Kogenta; Aoki, Shigeyuki; Taki, Tomohiro; Naruse, Katsuya; Matsubara, Hideaki; Tobiume, Motoi; Zennami, Kenji; Katsuda, Remi; Honda, Nobuaki

doi:10.1111/j.1464-410x.2006.06500.x

Cited by 15 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…85 The remaining five studies were performed on patients with all stages of disease submitted to heterogeneous treatments (two papers), 72,77 or included metastatic patients who underwent ADT (three papers). 83,84,88 NE differentiation was assessed immunohistochemically in tumor specimens from radical prostatectomy in 11 papers, [72][73][74][75][78][79][80][81][82]86,89 in 2 of them this phenotype was also assessed in abdominal lymphnodes. 74,86 In three papers NE differentiation was assessed on prostate biopsies, 65,72,77 while in two papers it was assessed on transurethal resection of the prostate (TURP) specimens (in one of them after a pretreatment with hormone therapy).…”

Section: Clinical Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89] Twelve studies enrolled patients with nonmetastatic disease (T1-4, N0 or N1) that were eligible for radical prostatectomy. [73][74][75][76][78][79][80][81][82]86,87,89 In two of these studies one half of patients enrolled received neoadjuvant hormone therapy before surgery.…”

Section: Clinical Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prognostic role of neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate cancer, putting together the pieces of the puzzle

Berruti

Vignani²,

Russo³

et al. 2010

RRU

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Neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation is a common feature in prostate cancer (PC). The clinical significance of this phenomenon is controversial; however preclinical and clinical data are in favor of an association with poor prognosis and early onset of a castrate resistant status. NE PC cells do not proliferate, but they can stimulate the proliferation of the exocrine component through the production of paracrine growth factors. The same paracrine signals may favor the outgrowth of castrate adapted tumors through androgen receptor dependent or independent mechanisms. Noteworthy, NE differentiation in PC is not a stable phenotype, being stimulated by several agents including androgen deprivation therapy, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. The proportion of NE positive PC, therefore, is destined to increase during the natural history of the disease. This may complicate the assessment of the prognostic significance of this phenomenon. The majority of clinical studies have shown a significant correlation between NE differentiation and disease prognosis, confirming the preclinical rationale. In conclusion the NE phenotype is a prognostic parameter in PC. Whether this phenomenon is a pure prognostic factor or whether it can influence the prognosis by favoring the onset of a castrate resistance status is a matter of future research.

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Section: Clinical Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clinical Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic role of neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate cancer, putting together the pieces of the puzzle

Berruti

Vignani²,

Russo³

et al. 2010

RRU

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show abstract

“…Some patients with M1b survive for a long time, and thus it is sometimes difficult to accurately predict the outcome. With regard to predictive factors for the outcome of M1b PC, some studies recently identified the factors: performance scale, GS, response to endocrine therapy, anemia, and levels of serum albumin, LDH, ALP, and PSA (22,23), while another study showed that EOD grade, interleukin-6 (24), and the status of HER-2 overexpression were useful (16). Still another study reported that serum cholesterol and interleukin-6 levels are involved in cachexia (25).…”

Section: ------------------------------------------------------------mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We previously reported that HER-2 was not involved in the regulation of neuroendocrine cell differentiation (16). The present study retrospectively assessed the potential significance of various clinical data (serum biochemical data and pathological findings) and the status of HER-2 protein overexpression, using biopsy specimens obtained at diagnosis, in predicting the outcome of M1b prostate cancer (M1b PC) after hormone therapy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactate dehydrogenase, Gleason score and HER-2 overexpression are significant prognostic factors for M1b prostate cancer

et al. 2011

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Abstract. It has not been elucidated whether certain types of M1b prostate cancer (M1b PC) are associated with a poor outcome. The present study retrospectively identified predictive factors related to the outcome of M1b PC. The subjects were 104 patients who attended our hospital and received a diagnosis of M1b PC. The observation period ranged from 4 to 122 months (median, 43 months). The parameters investigated were: T classification, N classification, Gleason score (GS), pretreatment prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, extent of disease (EOD) grade, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), calcium, and hemoglobin (Hb) levels, platelet count, and the status of HER-2 overexpression as determined with a Hercep Test™ Kit using initial needle biopsy specimens for diagnosis. Log-rank test and Cox univariate analysis identified the following factors with statistically significant differences: pretreatment PSA ≥192, N1, GS ≥8, EOD grade 3+4, high LDH, high ALP, low Hb, and HER-2 overexpression. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis identified the factors GS ≥8, high LDH, and HER-2 overexpression with significant differences. The hazard ratio was 5.962, 2.465, and 2.907, respectively, and the probability value was P=0.0218, P=0.0207 and P=0.0090, respectively. When the subjects with GS ≥8, high LDH, and HER-2 over-expression were classified as the high-risk group, the 5-year cause-specific survival rate was 51.2, 29.6, and 20.0%, respectively. The present study showed that M1b PC patients with GS ≥8, high LDH, and HER-2 overexpression have a very poor outcome and thus, should be treated as a high-risk group requiring close follow-up. IntroductionOf cancer deaths, in the USA, the incidence of prostate cancer (PC) ranks first in men, while the mortality from PC ranks second after lung cancer. In Europe, about 260,000 people are diagnosed with PC every year (1), and PC accounts for 9% of cancer deaths in men (2). The frequency of PC varies from country to country; it has been reported to be lowest in the Far East, particularly in mainland China and Japan (3). In Japan, however, the frequency in 2015 is expected to increase to about 4.6 times that in 1985 (4), and a recent study reported that PC screening would reduce mortality from PC by 20% (5). PC will thus become an increasingly important disease in men. Patients with PC have only vague symptoms in the early phase of the disease; it is not rare for patients to present with chief complaint of bone pain or neurological symptoms and found to already have PC with bone metastases at the time of diagnosis (6). Most PC is androgen-dependent. Patients with metastatic PC are rarely cured, and most of them are treated by hormone therapy. The majority of such patients, however, progress to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) within several years. Hormone resistance is considered to be acquired through abnormalities in the androgen receptor as well as a mechanism other than the androgen receptor (7). At present, however, the characteristics of ...

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“…In contrast, other researchers found no correlation (61). In theory, tumours derived from a more mature progenitor cell in the stem-cell hierarchy tend to be homogeneous and express a monoclonal phenotype, whereas tumours derived from an earlier (more pluripotent) progenitor cell tend to be heterogeneous and exhibit a more mixed phenotype (62).…”

Section: -2006 13 (118%)mentioning

confidence: 48%

Diagnostic problems and prognostic factors in prostate cancer

Tarján

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An immunohistochemical study of chromogranin A and human epidermal growth factor‐2 expression using initial prostate biopsy specimens from patients with bone metastatic prostate cancer

Cited by 15 publications

References 40 publications

Prognostic role of neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate cancer, putting together the pieces of the puzzle

Prognostic role of neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate cancer, putting together the pieces of the puzzle

Lactate dehydrogenase, Gleason score and HER-2 overexpression are significant prognostic factors for M1b prostate cancer

Diagnostic problems and prognostic factors in prostate cancer

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