“…Based on demands of the test prototype, a close linkage mechanism, as one of translation mechanism, is used. The mechanism has been used in lots of WCRs (Billingsley et al , 1991; Dutkiewicz et al , 2004; Chen, 2003), and WCRs with this kind of locomotion mechanism can climb by shape changing of the close linkage mechanism, which always uses pneumatic cylinder as actuators. The number of cylinders ranges from one (Billingsley et al , 1991), two to four (Chen, 2003).…”