An inexpensive point-of-care immunochromatographic test for Talaromyces marneffei infection based on the yeast phase specific monoclonal antibody 4D1 and Galanthus nivalis agglutinin

Pruksaphon, Kritsada; Intaramat, Akarin; Simsiriwong, Pavinee; Mongkolsuk, Skorn; Ratanabanangkoon, Kavi; Nosanchuk, Joshua D.; Kaltsas, Anna; Youngchim, Sirida

doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0009058

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…However, the Inh-ICT has some limitations on the relatively low diagnostic sensitivity and occasional ambiguity in the reading and interpretation of the observed results. The innovative sandwich ICT strip was created to improve the diagnostic efficiency of ICT strips by using a mannose binding lectin, which recognizes mannose residue called Galanthus nivalis agglutinin (GNA) or snowdrop lectin, in conjunction with MAb 4D1 [133]. The MAb4D1-GNA-based ICT showed specific binding activity with yeast phase antigen of T. marneffei, and it did not react with other common pathogenic fungal antigens.…”

Section: Rapid Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Assay (Ica)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Talaromyces marneffei Infection: Virulence Factors and Rapid Diagnostics

Youngchim¹

2022

Infectious Diseases

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Talaromyces (Penicillium) marneffei is a thermally dimorphic fungus that causes talaromycosis, and the pathogen is found throughout tropical and subtropical Asia. T. marneffei has specifically emerged as an opportunistic fungal pathogen in individuals with advanced HIV disease and, to a lesser extent, other immunocompromised conditions, but more recently talaromycosis is increasingly described in immunocompetent people. Due to the high mortality rate of up to 50%, understanding T. marneffei interactions with host immune responses and diagnostic modalities is vital to the development of strategies to reduce morbidity and mortality. In this chapter, we describe T. marneffei virulence factors that enhance the fungus’ capacity for survival and growth in the host to lead to disease. We also discuss approaches for early diagnosis, which are essential to reduce the mortality rate in talaromycosis. Talaromycosis remains a neglected disease, but advances in our understanding of host-pathogen dynamics as well as the ongoing development of new diagnostic approaches are poised to enhance our capacity to combat this disease.

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Section: Rapid Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Assay (Ica)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Talaromyces marneffei Infection: Virulence Factors and Rapid Diagnostics

Youngchim¹

2022

Infectious Diseases

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“…Importantly, this is a substantial improvement over the gold-standard blood culture method that can take a month to deliver a result with less sensitivity and is not a POCT. While a lateral flow POCT has been described for talaromycosis diagnosis by Pruksaphon et al, our Mp1p test offers multiple advantages over an LFIA platform. Mp1p levels are detectable in both the blood and urine of infected patients , and can be detected up to 16 weeks before patients develop symptoms.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmentally Resilient Microfluidic Point-of-Care Immunoassay Enables Rapid Diagnosis of Talaromycosis

et al. 2023

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Point-of-care tests (POCTs) are increasingly being used in field settings, particularly outdoors. The performance of current POCTs�most commonly the lateral flow immunoassay�can be adversely affected by ambient temperature and humidity. We developed a self-contained immunoassay platform�the D4 POCT�that can be conducted at the POC by integrating all reagents in a capillary-driven passive microfluidic cassette that minimizes user intervention. The assay can be imaged and analyzed on a portable fluorescence reader�the D4Scope�and provide quantitative outputs. Here, we systematically investigated the resilience of our D4 POCT to varied temperature and humidity and to physiologically diverse human whole blood samples that span a wide range of physiological hematocrit (30−65%). For all conditions, we showed that the platform maintained high sensitivity (0.05−0.41 ng/mL limits of detection). The platform also demonstrated good accuracy in reporting true analyte concentration across environmental extremes when compared to the manually operated format of the same test to detect a model analyte�ovalbumin. Additionally, we engineered an improved version of the microfluidic cassette that improved the ease-of-use of the device and shortened the time-to-result. We implemented this new cassette to create a rapid diagnostic test to detect talaromycosis infection in patients with advanced HIV disease at the POC, demonstrating comparable sensitivity and specificity to the laboratory test for the disease.

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“…In addition, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry ( Lau et al., 2016 ), inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( Prakit et al., 2016 ), and other detection techniques can quickly detect T. marneffei . In addition, there is an immunochromatographic strip test based on asolid phase sandwich format immunoassay has been developed ( Pruksaphon et al., 2021 ). It can directly use patient urine to detect T. marneffei with high specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy, but it requires a minimum antigen concentration in urine of about 0.6 μg/mL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Talaromycosis from Wuhan: two-case report and literature review

Yao,

Pan,

et al. 2024

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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BackgroundTalaromycosis is a serious opportunistic infectious disease caused by Talaromyces marneffei, which mostly occurs in immunocompromised patients. The disease is mainly prevalent in tropical countries and regions of Southeast Asia and South Asia, but non-endemic areas also have patients with Talaromycosis. The disease has no characteristic clinical manifestations and is difficult to diagnose. Delayed diagnosis often leads to death.Case presentationBoth patients had cellular immunodeficiency. Case 1 had a history of acquired immune deficiency syndrome, and case 2 had a history of renal transplantation and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. They all had fever, anemia, fatigue, and skin lesions. Case 1 had gastrointestinal bleeding, enlarged lymph nodes, and hepatosplenomegaly. Case 2 had cough and dyspnea. Both patients had thrombocytopenia and hypoalbuminemia; an increased neutrophil ratio, procalcitonin, and C-reactive protein; and abnormal liver function and coagulation dysfunction. Case 1 sputum culture, blood culture, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were positive for T. marneffei. T. marneffei was detected in the blood culture of case 2, with infection of Candida parapsilosis and Pneumocystis jirovecii. Chest computed tomography scan mainly showed pulmonary exudative lesions. Although these two patients were actively treated, they died of poor efficacy.ConclusionTalaromycosis has an insidious onset, long course, atypical clinical symptoms, imaging performance and laboratory results, difficult diagnosis, and high mortality. Therefore, it is important to promptly consider and treat Talaromycosis in immunocompromised patients upon infection in order to reduce mortality.

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An inexpensive point-of-care immunochromatographic test for Talaromyces marneffei infection based on the yeast phase specific monoclonal antibody 4D1 and Galanthus nivalis agglutinin

Cited by 16 publications

References 48 publications

Talaromyces marneffei Infection: Virulence Factors and Rapid Diagnostics

Talaromyces marneffei Infection: Virulence Factors and Rapid Diagnostics

Environmentally Resilient Microfluidic Point-of-Care Immunoassay Enables Rapid Diagnosis of Talaromycosis

Talaromycosis from Wuhan: two-case report and literature review

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