An inverse method for determining three-dimensional fault geometry with thread criterion: application to strike-slip and thrust faults (Western Alps and California)

Thibaut, M.; Gratier, Jean‐Pierre; Léger, Michel; Morvan, Jean‐Marie

doi:10.1016/0191-8141(96)00035-1

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…These tear faults guide slip on the thrust faults. The thrust system can be considered threaded [Thibaut et al, 1996]: N-S slip is permitted, oblique slip is blocked, and this is compatible with the result of the restoration. The deformation is accommodated by folds between the thrusts (e.g., zone of folded strata between the Red Mountain and San Cayetano (section BB' in Figure 3) possibly associated with blind thrusts [Namson and Davis, 1988;Huftile and Yeats, 1995].…”

Section: Finite Deformation In the Ventura Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These tear faults guide slip on the thrust faults. The thrust system can be considered threaded [Thibaut et al, 1996 Seeber and Sorlien (submitted manuscript, 1998) recently estimated the displacement on this thrust using cross sections and seismic reflection profiles with a listric fault model. We used a mean value of thrust displacement which ranges from ---3 km (San Miguel Island) to a maximum 9 km in its eastern part (north of Los Angeles).…”

Section: Finite Deformation Of the Los Angeles Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent crustal deformation in southern California deduced from the restoration of folded and faulted strata

Gratier¹,

Hopps²,

Sorlien³

et al. 1999

J. Geophys. Res.

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and displacement field within a deformed area. When, as is the case in southern California, sediment deposits occur in a tectonically active region, the deformed strata can be used as strain gauges of the progressive deformation. If the present geometry of a reference deformed layer is well known and if this layer may be restored to its initial state (assumed to be horizontal), comparison between present (deformed) state and restored (undeformed) state allows one to estimate the finite deformation (e.g., horizontal shortening of folded and faulted blocks) and the associated total finite horizontal displacement (e.g., displacement of points with respect to a reference line). Uncertainty may appear if the sedimentary deposits are not perfectly horizontal before the deformation; however, because of the large values of the deformation in the Transverse Ranges, this uncertainty is very low. As with geodetic data, the displacement field is estimated by reference to an arbitrary fixed line. MethodTwo types of method may be used to estimate heterogeneous deformation. The first one is to partition the whole deformed area into homogeneous domains, then to restore and best fit all these domains in order to reconstitute the initial 4887

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Section: Finite Deformation In the Ventura Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Finite Deformation Of the Los Angeles Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent crustal deformation in southern California deduced from the restoration of folded and faulted strata

Gratier¹,

Hopps²,

Sorlien³

et al. 1999

J. Geophys. Res.

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show abstract

“…The alternative approach is to apply the fault displacement to an already interpolated surface. A first possibility is to apply restoration of the geometric structures surrounding the faults and find the displacement field based on some mechanical likelihood criterion (Thibaut et al, 1996;Maerten and Maerten, 2015). However, finding an objective mechanical criterion is difficult and computationally challenging, an alternative is to construct the geometry of the continuous surface prior to faulting and then to apply the fault operator to the faulted surface (Godefroy et al, 2018;Laurent et al, 2013;Georgsen et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Realistic modelling of faults in LoopStructural 1.0

Grose

Aillères

Laurent

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. Without properly accounting for both fault kinematics and faulted surface observations, it is challenging to create 3D geological models of faulted geological units that are seen in all tectonic settings. Geometries where multiple faults interact, where the faulted surface geometry significantly deviate from a flat plane and where the geological interfaces are poorly characterised by sparse data sets are particular challenges. There are two existing approaches for incorporating faults into geological surface modelling: one approach incorporates the fault displacement into the surface description but does not incorporate fault kinematics and in most cases will produce geologically unexpected results such as shrinking intrusions, fold hinges without offset and layer thickness growth in flat oblique faults. Another approach builds a continuous surface without faulting and then applies a kinematic fault operator to the continuous surface to create the displacement. Both approaches have their strengths, however neither approach can capture the interaction of faults within complicated fault networks e.g fault duplexes, flower structures and listric faults because they either \\begin{inparaenum}[(1)] \\item impose an incorrect (not defined by data) fault slip direction; or \\item require an over sampled data set that describes the faulted surface location\\end{inparaenum}. In this study we integrate the fault kinematics into the implicit surface by using the fault kinematic model to restore observations and the model domain prior to interpolating the faulted surface. This approach can build models that are consistent with observations of the faulted surface and fault kinematics. Integrating fault kinematics directly into the implicit surface description allows for complex fault stratigraphy and fault-fault interactions to be modelled. Our approaches show significant improvement in capturing faulted surface geometries especially where the intersection angle between the faulted surface geometry and the fault surface varies (e.g. intrusions, fold series) and when modelling interacting faults (fault duplex).

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“…Several approaches aim at producing numerical models of structural surfaces that natively honor some geological rules, for example: developability (Thibert et al, 2005), thread geometry of fault surface (Thibaut et al, 1996), sedimentation and compaction rates consistency (Mallet, 2004) and fold models (Kaven et al, 2009;Hjelle and Petersen, 2011). Because 3D displacement patterns associated with natural faults play a prominent role in fault characterization, we suggest that taking them explicitly into account while building the faults is a key aspect to increasing their consistency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A parametric method to model 3D displacements around faults with volumetric vector fields

et al. 2013

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International audienceThis paper presents a 3D parametric fault representation for modeling the displacement field associated with faults in accordance with their geometry. The displacements are modeled in a canonical fault space where the near-field displacement is defined by a small set of parameters consisting of the maximum displacement amplitude and the profiles of attenuation in the surrounding space. The particular geometry and the orientation of the slip of each fault are then taken into account by mapping the actual fault onto its canonical representation. This mapping is obtained with the help of a curvilinear frame aligned both on the fault surface and slip direction. This formulation helps us to include more geological concepts in quantitative subsurface models during 3D structural modeling tasks. Its applicability is demonstrated in the framework of forward modeling and stochastic sequential fault simulations, and the results of our model are compared to observations of natural objects described in the literature

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An inverse method for determining three-dimensional fault geometry with thread criterion: application to strike-slip and thrust faults (Western Alps and California)

Cited by 16 publications

References 25 publications

Recent crustal deformation in southern California deduced from the restoration of folded and faulted strata

Recent crustal deformation in southern California deduced from the restoration of folded and faulted strata

Realistic modelling of faults in LoopStructural 1.0

A parametric method to model 3D displacements around faults with volumetric vector fields

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