“…Based on Krebs [23], we proposed fourteen essential concepts and principles, namely population and community properties, biological interaction, keystone species and species with large impact, energy flows, biogeochemical cycle, conservation ecology, diversity index measurement, factors affecting distribution and abundance, the linkage between genetic diversity and population persistency, fragmentation and population size, diversity and community stability, carrying capacity, and ecological succession. These previously mentioned concepts and principles are complex concepts and principles according to the learning progression [24,25], accommodating value that deals with students' daily life, ecology, conservation, and environment in an articulation [16]. Hence, the SSP has been set to address the challenge of contextuality, expected learning outcome, Bloom's cognitive level, and also Piaget's mental development.…”