An outline of generalized linear models

McCullagh, Peter; Nelder, J. A.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-3242-6_2

Cited by 514 publications

(410 citation statements)

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“…Both contingency table methods and Poisson regression models 8 were used to compare daily AMI hospitalizations before and after implementation of the smoke-free ordinance among Pueblo city-limit residents, county residents outside Pueblo city limits, and residents of El Paso County. Secondarily, AMI death rates among residents inside Pueblo city limits were computed for the year before (2002) and the year after (2004) the ordinance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction in the Incidence of Acute Myocardial Infarction Associated With a Citywide Smoking Ordinance

et al. 2006

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Background-Secondhand smoke exposure increases the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). One study (Helena, Mont) examined the issue and found a decrease in AMI associated with a smoke-free ordinance. We sought to determine the impact of a smoke-free ordinance on AMI admission rates in another geographically isolated community (Pueblo, Colo). Methods and Results-We assessed AMI hospitalizations in Pueblo during a 3-year period, 1.5 years before and 1.5 years after implementation of a smoke-free ordinance. We compared the AMI hospitalization rates among individuals residing within city limits, the area where the ordinance applied, versus those outside city limits. We also compared AMI rates during this time period with another geographically isolated but proximal community, El Paso

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction in the Incidence of Acute Myocardial Infarction Associated With a Citywide Smoking Ordinance

et al. 2006

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“…The ), an estimate of the variance of this was estimated as Estimation of parameters. Generalised linear models (McCullaugh & Nelder 1989) were used to estimate the parameters in Eq. (9).…”

Section: Prey Switching Model Prey Switching Is Defined Bymentioning

confidence: 99%

Prey switching of cod and whiting in the North Sea

Rindorf¹,

Gislason²,

Lewy³

2006

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Predator-prey switching may stabilise predator-prey interactions, promote co-existence of prey that share a common predator, and increase the overall stability of homogeneous systems of interacting species. This study presents an investigation of prey switching of 2 major North Sea fish predators, cod Gadus morhua and whiting Merlangius merlangus. Relative food composition derived from analysis of more than 36 000 stomachs is compared to the relative density of fish prey reflected by trawl survey catches, and generalised linear models are used to examine how prey switching is affected by predator length and prey species and length. Possible effects of stomach sample size and predator density are also investigated. Prey preference is a decreasing function of the relative density of the prey (negative prey switching), in particular for large cod (40 to 100 cm). This was neither the result of variations in stomach sample size, nor of changes in local predator abundance. If not counteracted by compensatory changes in spatial overlap or total food intake, negative switching is likely to destabilise the interactions between cod and whiting and their fish prey.

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“…One concern is that the variance may exceed the mean, leading to overdispersion (28). This may be due to the influence of some unmeasured factor on the health outcome variable.…”

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confidence: 99%

A time-series analysis of acidic particulate matter and daily mortality and morbidity in the Buffalo, New York, region.

Gwynn

Burnett

Thurston

2000

Environ Health Perspect

110

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A component of particulate matter (PM) air pollution that may provide one biologically plausible pathway for the observed PM air pollution-health effect associations is aerosol acidity (H+). An increasing number of observational studies have demonstrated associations between H' and increased adverse health effect in the United States and abroad. Although studies have shown significant H+ associations with increased morbidity in the United States, similar associations have yet to be shown with daily mortality. We considered a 2.5-year record of daily H+ and sulfate measurements (May 1988-October 1990 collected in the Buffalo, New York, region in a time-series analysis of respiratory, circulatory, and totl daily mortality and hospital admissions. Other copollutants considered induded particulate matter . 10 pm in aerodynamic diameter, coefficient of haze, ozone, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide. Various mding techniques were applied to control for confounding of efect estimates due to seaownality, weather, and day-ofweek effects. We found multiple significant pollutant-health effect associations-most strongly between SO-and respiratory hospital admissions (as indicated by its t-statistic). Additionally, H+ and SOQ42 demonstrated the most coherent associations with both respiratory hospital admissions [H+: relative risk (RR) = 1.31; 95% confidence intervl (CI), 1.14-1.51; and S042: RR = 1.18, CI, 1.09-1.28] and respiratory mortlity (H+: RR = 1.55, CI, 1.09-2.20; and SO42: RR 1.24, CI, 1.01-1.52). Thus, acidic sulfate aerosols represent a component of PM air pollution that may contribute to the previously noted adverse efcts of PM mass on human health, and the associations demonstrated in this study support the need for futher investigations into the potential health effects of acidic aerosols.

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An outline of generalized linear models

Cited by 514 publications

References 0 publications

Reduction in the Incidence of Acute Myocardial Infarction Associated With a Citywide Smoking Ordinance

Reduction in the Incidence of Acute Myocardial Infarction Associated With a Citywide Smoking Ordinance

Prey switching of cod and whiting in the North Sea

A time-series analysis of acidic particulate matter and daily mortality and morbidity in the Buffalo, New York, region.

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