An up to 43-year longitudinal study of fixed prosthetic restorations retained with 4-META/MMA-TBB resin cement or zinc phosphate cement

Abstract

For over a century, zinc phosphate cement (ZPC) has been conventionally used as a luting agent, with its long-term longitudinal longevity being reported in several studies. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] However, this cement adheres to teeth and castings only by mechanical interlocking. Glass ionomer cement and carboxylate cement were developed for physicochemical bonding around 1970 9,10 ; however, as their adhesive properties were similar to those of ZPC, ZPC continued to be used clinically. 11 In the early 1950s, insoluble dental resins were developed as adhesive cements to prevent secondary caries and dislodgement over time. However, the adhesion of resin cements to tooth structure was limited until Buonocore 12 reported the acid-etching technique in 1955. In 1963, Masuhara and Kojima reported that methyl methacrylate (MMA) polymerized with the initiator tributylborane (TBB) bonded well to wet elephant tusk ivory and teeth 13 without acidic adhesive monomers or the acid etching technique. This MMA/TBB autopolymerizing resin was first marketed as Orthomite (Mochida Pharmaceutical Co Ltd) in 1971 for the direct bonding of This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

Comparison of marginal microleakage of metal copings cemented with three luting cements

“…Zinc phosphate cement is a type of acid-base cement used mainly as a cementing agent, known for its clinical use in the routine cementation of metal-supported crowns and bridges ( 17 ). It is characterized by a low pH of 2 to 4 when the powder is mixed with the liquid, the pH increases during setting to reach neutrality in one to two days ( 8 , 9 ). The initial acidic environment will cause an increase in solubility, causing slow erosions due to a combination of abrasions and dissolutions, resulting in microleakage points.…”

Update on Dental Luting Materials

“…It can also undergoes discoloration and has relatively weak mechanical properties when it is compared to the contemporary cements [ 44 ]. There is also a higher chance of secondary caries occurring in zinc phosphate-cemented restorations due to its water solubility and its inability to inhibit bacterial growth [ 45 ].…”

Marginal Micro-Seal and Tensile Bond Strength of a Biopolymer Hybrid Layer Coupled with Dental Prosthesis Using a Primerless-Wet System

“…In other words, a complete seal margin with an impermeable hybrid layer is more reliable than a high tensile bond strength adhesive with the leaked margin in preventing recurrent or secondary caries [ 8 , 9 , 21 ], the most common dental restoration failure, ensuring the lifelong survival of restored vital teeth. In clinical cases where high retention and completely sealed dentin is required, i.e., a short clinical crown or severe tooth wear and partial coverage retainers, a complete hybrid layer with high tensile strength and micro-seal margins can extend the long-term survival of vital teeth with less invasive treatment or without intentional pulp removal [ 21 , 26 , 27 ]. The results of this study support the hypothesis.…”