An Updated Review of the Invasive Aedes albopictus in the Americas; Geographical Distribution, Host Feeding Patterns, Arbovirus Infection, and the Potential for Vertical Transmission of Dengue Virus

Background The development of resistance against insecticides in Aedes aegypti can lead to operational failures in control programs. Knowledge of the spatial and temporal trends of this resistance is needed to drive effective monitoring campaigns, which in turn provide data on which vector control decision-making should be based. Methods Third-stage larvae (L3) from the F1 and F2 generations of 39 Peruvian field populations of Ae. aegypti mosquitoes from established laboratory colonies were evaluated for resistance against the organophosphate insecticide temephos. The 39 populations were originally established from eggs collected in the field with ovitraps in eight departments of Peru during 2018 and 2019. Dose–response bioassays, at 11 concentrations of the insecticide, were performed following WHO recommendations. Results Of the 39 field populations of Ae. aegypti tested for resistance to temephos , 11 showed high levels of resistance (resistance ratio [RR] > 10), 16 showed moderate levels of resistance (defined as RR values between 5 and 10) and only 12 were susceptible (RR < 5). The results segregated the study populations into two geographic groups. Most of the populations in the first geographic group, the coastal region, were resistant to temephos, with three populations (AG, CR and LO) showing RR values > 20 (AG 21.5, CR 23.1, LO 39.4). The populations in the second geographic group, the Amazon jungle and the high jungle, showed moderate levels of resistance, with values ranging between 5.1 (JN) and 7.1 (PU). The exception in this geographic group was the population from PM, which showed a RR value of 28.8 to this insecticide. Conclusions The results of this study demonstrate that Ae. aegypti populations in Peru present different resistance intensities to temephos, 3 years after temephos use was discontinued. Resistance to this larvicide should continue to be monitored because it is possible that resistance to temephos could decrease in the absence of routine selection pressures. Graphical Abstract

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“…albopictus , such as Brazil, Colombia, Bolivia and Ecuador (where Ae. albopictus was first detected in 2017) [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First national-scale evaluation of temephos resistance in Aedes aegypti in Peru

et al. 2022

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“…Although this species is present on all continents, occupying the same ecological niches as Ae. aegypti in the Americas [48], neither do the country's health authorities carry out routine entomological surveillance nor is its relevance as an arbovirus vector known. Future research could contribute to delving into the population dynamics of Ae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity among Four Populations of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) from Honduras as Revealed by Mitochondrial DNA Cytochrome Oxidase I

et al. 2022

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Aedes aegypti is a hematophagous and highly anthropophilic mosquito with a wide distribution, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Ae. aegypti is the main vector of several febrile diseases called arboviruses (dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya, and zika viruses), which represent an important public health problem. Populations of this mosquito were nearly eliminated from the Americas in the mid-20th century; however, after the abandonment of control measures, mosquito populations have been recovering territory, have expanded by anthropogenic mechanisms, and have been joined by new populations reintroduced from other continents. The objective of this pilot study was to determine the genetic variability of Aedes aegypti collected in four cities located along the so-called logistics corridor of Honduras, which connects the Caribbean Sea to the Pacific Ocean. We studied the sequences of two molecular markers: the cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COI mtDNA) gene and the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2 rDNA) of 40 mosquitoes. Phylogenetic analyzes show two separate clades with a low number of nucleotide differences per site, three haplotypes, and low haplotype diversity. These results suggest a low genetic diversity in the populations of Ae. aegypti in Honduras in relation to that reported in other countries of the Central American isthmus.

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“…Besides, the presence of vertical transmission of these arboviruses in the Ae. albopictus females has already been reported under natural conditions, both in Brazil and worldwide 5,8,9,10 . Vertical transmission appears to be an important mechanism for maintaining the circulation of the arboviruses during the less favorable periods of transmission.…”

mentioning

confidence: 86%

“…In parallel, Ae. albopictus presents eclecticism in relation to the choice of which vertebrate host to blood-feed upon, feeding on both human beings, as well as other vertebrate animals 5,8 . Such behavior may favor this species as a bridge vector for the arboviruses that circulate in the sylvatic areas, such as YFV 13 .…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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First Record of Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in the state of Acre, Brazil

Rocha

Cardoso

Souza

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Introduction: Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse, 1854) was reported in Brazil for the first time in 1986, and has displayed successful expansion throughout the Brazilian territory. Methods: During a routine activity to control dengue conducted by the Division of Entomology of the Municipal Health Department in Rio Branco, adults and immatures of Culicidae were collected in a peri-urban area. Results: The Culicidae forms identified indicated that they belonged to the species Ae. albopictus. Conclusions: This is the first official record of the presence of Ae. albopictus in the state of Acre, confirming its current presence in all Brazilian states.

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An Updated Review of the Invasive Aedes albopictus in the Americas; Geographical Distribution, Host Feeding Patterns, Arbovirus Infection, and the Potential for Vertical Transmission of Dengue Virus

Cited by 35 publications

References 66 publications

First national-scale evaluation of temephos resistance in Aedes aegypti in Peru

First national-scale evaluation of temephos resistance in Aedes aegypti in Peru

Genetic Diversity among Four Populations of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) from Honduras as Revealed by Mitochondrial DNA Cytochrome Oxidase I

First Record of Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in the state of Acre, Brazil

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