An UV linear variable optical filter-based micro-spectrometer

Emadi, A.; Wu, H.; Graaf, G. de; Hedsten, Karin; Enoksson, Peter; Correia, J. H.; Wolffenbuttel, R.F.

doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2010.09.135

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Possible applications of the method for microoptical devices are discussed in detail in our previous work [4]. They include tuning the thickness of the dielectric layer in the metal-insulator-metal (MIM) structures used in linearly variable bandpass filters (LVBFs) [30][31][32][33]. The capabilities of PDMS substrates to induce multiscale surface curving are also very interesting regarding the manufacturing of photonic structures and microlens arrays.…”

Section: Irradiation Of Pdmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Out-of-plane surface patterning by subsurface processing of polymer substrates with focused ion beams

Chiriaev

Tavares

Adashkevich

et al. 2020

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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This work explores a new technique for the out-of-plane patterning of metal thin films prefabricated on the surface of a polymer substrate. This technique is based on an ion-beam-induced material modification in the bulk of the polymer. Effects of subsurface and surface processes on the surface morphology have been studied for three polymer materials: poly(methyl methacrylate), polycarbonate, and polydimethylsiloxane, by using focused ion beam irradiation with He+, Ne+, and Ga+. Thin films of a Pt60Pd40 alloy and of pristine Au were used to compare the patterning of thin films with different microstructures. We show that the height of Pt60Pd40 thin films deposited onto poly(methyl methacrylate) and polycarbonate substrates can be patterned by He+ ion beams with ultrahigh precision (nanometers) while preserving in-plane features, at the nanoscale, of the pre-deposited films. Ion irradiation of the Au-coated samples results in delamination, bulging, and perforation of the Au film, which is attributed to the accumulation of gases from radiolysis at the film–substrate interface. The irradiation with Ne+ and Ga+ ions destroys the films and roughens the surface due to dominating sputtering processes. A very different behavior, resulting in the formation of complex, multiscale 3D patterns, is observed for polydimethylsiloxane samples. The roles of the metal film structure, elastic properties of the polymer substrate, and irradiation-induced mechanical strain in the patterning process are elaborated and discussed.

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Section: Irradiation Of Pdmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Out-of-plane surface patterning by subsurface processing of polymer substrates with focused ion beams

Chiriaev

Tavares

Adashkevich

et al. 2020

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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“…Cost-reduction can be achieved by designing a specialized spectrometer "around the required wavelengths" by omitting all unnecessary components. Such low-cost spectrometers proved already to be potentially suitable for analysis of chemical compositions by means of different measuring techniques [22,23]. However, typically they provide lower signal-to-noise ratio and resolution [23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Process Analytical Concept for In-Line FTIR Monitoring of Polysiloxane Formation

et al. 2020

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The chemical synthesis of polysiloxanes from monomeric starting materials involves a series of hydrolysis, condensation and modification reactions with complex monomeric and oligomeric reaction mixtures. Real-time monitoring and precise process control of the synthesis process is of great importance to ensure reproducible intermediates and products and can readily be performed by optical spectroscopy. In chemical reactions involving rapid and simultaneous functional group transformations and complex reaction mixtures, however, the spectroscopic signals are often ambiguous due to overlapping bands, shifting peaks and changing baselines. The univariate analysis of individual absorbance signals is hence often only of limited use. In contrast, batch modelling based on the multivariate analysis of the time course of principal components (PCs) derived from the reaction spectra provides a more efficient tool for real-time monitoring. In batch modelling, not only single absorbance bands are used but information over a broad range of wavelengths is extracted from the evolving spectral fingerprints and used for analysis. Thereby, process control can be based on numerous chemical and morphological changes taking place during synthesis. “Bad” (or abnormal) batches can quickly be distinguished from “normal” ones by comparing the respective reaction trajectories in real time. In this work, FTIR spectroscopy was combined with multivariate data analysis for the in-line process characterization and batch modelling of polysiloxane formation. The synthesis was conducted under different starting conditions using various reactant concentrations. The complex spectral information was evaluated using chemometrics (principal component analysis, PCA). Specific spectral features at different stages of the reaction were assigned to the corresponding reaction steps. Reaction trajectories were derived based on batch modelling using a wide range of wavelengths. Subsequently, complexity was reduced again to the most relevant absorbance signals in order to derive a concept for a low-cost process spectroscopic set-up which could be used for real-time process monitoring and reaction control.

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“…In this article, we present the optical design, implementation, and signal processing required for implementing an LVOF microspectrometer in the UV spectral range. The basic idea was presented before in [11]. Figure 1 shows a tapered Fabry-Perot (FP) type of LVOF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linear variable optical filter-based ultraviolet microspectrometer

Emadi

Graaf

et al. 2012

Appl. Opt.

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An IC-compatible linear variable optical filter (LVOF) for application in the UV spectral range between 310 and 400 nm has been fabricated using resist reflow and an optimized dry-etching. The LVOF is mounted on the top of a commercially available CMOS camera to result in a UV microspectrometer. A special calibration technique has been employed that is based on an initial spectral measurement on a xenon lamp. The image recorded on the camera during calibration is used in a signal processing algorithm to reconstruct the spectrum of the mercury lamp and the calibration data is subsequently used in UV spectral measurements. Experiments on a fabricated LVOF-based microspectrometer with this calibration approach implemented reveal a spectral resolution of 0.5 nm.

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An UV linear variable optical filter-based micro-spectrometer

Cited by 10 publications

References 5 publications

Out-of-plane surface patterning by subsurface processing of polymer substrates with focused ion beams

Out-of-plane surface patterning by subsurface processing of polymer substrates with focused ion beams

A Process Analytical Concept for In-Line FTIR Monitoring of Polysiloxane Formation

Linear variable optical filter-based ultraviolet microspectrometer

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