1942
DOI: 10.1063/1.1714879
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An X-Ray Study of Carbon Black

Abstract: X·ray studies have been made of a number of carbon .blacks, prepared under different con· ditions, and subject to various heat treatments. The patterns were made in evacuated cameras, using Cu Ka radiation monochromated by reflection from rocksalt. The patterns consist of crystalline reflections (001), and two·dimensional lattice reflections (hk). The structure is one of true graphite layers arranged roughly parallel and equidistant, but otherwise completely random. The dimensions within a layer are the same a… Show more

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Cited by 686 publications
(293 citation statements)
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“…The d (002) values, 0.382 nm for Dt(JL) and 0.388 nm for C/Dt(SD), are larger than that of the ideal graphite (0.335 nm) [8]. These larger d (002) values indicate that the carbon products were composed of graphite microcrystals, which were disorderly stacked and did not form a complete graphite layer [30,31]. The diffractions of the diatom shells as well as the impurities disappear in the XRD patterns of the carbons, indicating the removal of the minerals during the process of HF washing.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 93%
“…The d (002) values, 0.382 nm for Dt(JL) and 0.388 nm for C/Dt(SD), are larger than that of the ideal graphite (0.335 nm) [8]. These larger d (002) values indicate that the carbon products were composed of graphite microcrystals, which were disorderly stacked and did not form a complete graphite layer [30,31]. The diffractions of the diatom shells as well as the impurities disappear in the XRD patterns of the carbons, indicating the removal of the minerals during the process of HF washing.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 93%
“…Many experimental techniques have been employed to characterize these properties of carbon. Early studies used X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique to measure the structural properties of carbon [20][21][22][23][24]. It has been found that the primary carbon particle contains microcrystallites, namely graphite domains.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Based on the graphitic crystallite model of Biscoe and Warren [2], for the same heat treatment temperature, they found oxidative environments yielded crystallites with a greater number of layers and a smaller inter-layer spacing. They hypothesized this oxidative enhancement of 'graphitization' came from the oxygen removing more reactive cross-links between the graphitic crystallites in preference to the less reactive crystallites themselves, allowing them to then go on and grow, presumably through some rearrangement and fusion process akin to annealing.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Based on the Oberlin basic structural unit (BSU) model [37], which is akin to the graphitic microcrystallite model [2], and their assembly into regions of local molecular orientation (LMO) [6], Rouzaud et al [20] used quantitative TEM of petroleum coke at various levels of conversion from steam gasification at 950°C to propose that, except at high conversions, regions of LMO of intermediate size (10-100 nm)…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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