Anaemia control and the interpretation of biochemical tests for iron status in children

Gwetu, Thando P; Chhagan, Meera; Taylor, Myra; Kauchali, Shuaib; Craib, Murray H.

doi:10.1186/s13104-017-2472-5

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The present study observed a similar Hb level as prior studies but a relatively higher SF level than previous studies. The Hb level in the present study is in line with a meta-analysis in China (2017) (19) , but higher than that in some low-income areas, such as South Africa and Cambodia (20,21) . The poor medical condition and standard of living in low-income areas might partly explain this difference in Hb concentration.…”

Section: Status Of Iron Metabolism Parameterssupporting

confidence: 90%

Anaemia, iron deficiency, iron-deficiency anaemia and their associations with obesity among schoolchildren in Guangzhou, China

Zheng

Long

Tan

et al. 2020

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective:The association of Fe metabolism with obesity in children remains unclear. The present study aimed to assess the status of Fe metabolism parameters, the prevalence of anaemia, Fe deficiency (ID) and Fe-deficiency anaemia (IDA), and the associations of these variables with obesity in Chinese schoolchildren.Design:A cross-sectional study conducted in 5295 schoolchildren aged 7–11 years in Guangzhou, China, 2014–2015. Full data of anthropometric and Fe metabolic parameters were collected to assess obesity, anaemia, ID and IDA. Logistic regression models were established to determine the possible associations of anaemia, ID and IDA with obesity. Two-tailed P values of <0·05 was considered statistically significant.Setting:Guangzhou City, China.Participants:Schoolchildren aged 7–11 years (n 5295).Results:In this sample, mean Hb concentration was 128·1 g/l and the prevalence of anaemia, ID and IDA was 6·6, 6·2 and 0·6 %, respectively. Of the participants, 14·0 % were overweight and 8·8 % were obese. Importantly, obesity was associated with lower anaemia risk (adjusted OR = 0·553; 95 % CI 0·316, 0·968) but higher ID risk (adjusted OR = 1·808; 95 % CI 1·146, 2·853) after adjustment for confounders. No significant relationship was found between obesity and IDA.Conclusions:Our results confirmed that anaemia and ID remain public health concerns among schoolchildren in Guangzhou, while IDA is remarkably less prevalent. Furthermore, obesity was associated with lower anaemia risk, but higher ID risk. More efforts should be made to prevent the onset of ID and obesity in the same individual, thus improving the health and fitness of children.

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Section: Status Of Iron Metabolism Parameterssupporting

confidence: 90%

Anaemia, iron deficiency, iron-deficiency anaemia and their associations with obesity among schoolchildren in Guangzhou, China

Zheng

Long

Tan

et al. 2020

Public Health Nutr.

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“…Literatures showed that the cut-off for sTfR used in the age group of children under 3-years old are varied, such as 3.3, 4.6 and 8.3 mg/L35 3627 A study conducted in Kenya showed that the threshold of 8.3 mg/L was better to assess the prevalence of ID in children aged 6–35 months (sensitivity 92.0%, specificity 96.0%). Therefore, we used cut-off 8.3 mg/L in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and causes of anaemia in children aged 6–23 months in rural Qinghai, China: findings from a cross-sectional study

et al. 2019

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ObjectiveTo investigate the current situation of anaemia among children aged 6–23 months in a rural county in China, and to explore the influencing factors and the main causes of anaemia.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingHuzhu County in Qinghai Province, ChinaParticipantsWe selected 38 sampled villages using Proportional to Population Size sampling method. We obtained the name list of children aged 6–23 months in each sampled village and planned to survey all the eligible children aged 6–23 months and their caregivers.Primary and secondary outcomes measuresThe prevalence of anaemia, the influencing factors of anaemia, the laboratory tests for biological causes of anaemia, including serum ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor, folic acid, homocysteine and vitamin B12.ResultsA total of 754 children aged 6–23 months and their caregivers were surveyed, and 183 anaemic children aged 12–23 months were collected venous blood sample. The anaemia prevalence of children aged 6–23 months in Huzhu County was 59.1%. Children of younger age (OR=0.968, 95% CI 0.940 to 0.998), Tibetan nationality (OR=3.123, 95% CI 1.473 to 6.623) and not introducing meat (OR=0.698, 95% CI 0.499 to 0.976) were more likely to be anaemic. More than 80% of children with anaemia were due to iron deficiency (ID), and 20.2% of them had both iron and folic acid deficiencies.ConclusionsThe anaemia prevalence of children aged 6–23 months in Huzhu County was high and children of younger age, Tibetan nationality and not introducing meat were more likely to be anaemic. The main cause of anaemia was nutritional anaemia, with the vast majority being ID. Interventions of feeding counselling and nutrients supplements are appropriate and should be further strengthened.Trial registration numberChiCTRPRC12002444.

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“…The first drop was wiped away with the alcohol swab and the second drop was collected with a microcuvette. Anaemia was defined as an Hb concentration ≤11.4 g dL −1 [22].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of a Multidimensional Physical Activity Intervention on Body Mass Index, Skinfolds and Fitness in South African Children: Results from a Cluster-Randomised Controlled Trial

Müller

Schindler

Adams

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Obesity-related conditions impose a considerable and growing burden on low- and middle-income countries, including South Africa. We aimed to assess the effect of twice a 10-week multidimensional, school-based physical activity intervention on children’s health in Port Elizabeth, South Africa. A cluster-randomised controlled trial was implemented from February 2015 to May 2016 in grade 4 classes in eight disadvantaged primary schools. Interventions consisted of physical education lessons, moving-to-music classes, in-class activity breaks and school infrastructure enhancement to promote physical activity. Primary outcomes included cardiorespiratory fitness, body mass index (BMI) and skinfold thickness. Explanatory variables were socioeconomic status, self-reported physical activity, stunting, anaemia and parasite infections. Complete data were available from 746 children. A significantly lower increase in the mean BMI Z-score (estimate of difference in mean change: −0.17; 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.24 to −0.09; p < 0.001) and reduced increase in the mean skinfold thickness (difference in mean change: −1.06; 95% CI: −1.83 to −0.29; p = 0.007) was observed in intervention schools. No significant group difference occurred in the mean change of cardiorespiratory fitness (p > 0.05). These findings show that a multidimensional, school-based physical activity intervention can reduce the increase in specific cardiovascular risk factors. However, a longer and more intensive intervention might be necessary to improve cardiorespiratory fitness.

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Anaemia control and the interpretation of biochemical tests for iron status in children

Cited by 11 publications

References 21 publications

Anaemia, iron deficiency, iron-deficiency anaemia and their associations with obesity among schoolchildren in Guangzhou, China

Anaemia, iron deficiency, iron-deficiency anaemia and their associations with obesity among schoolchildren in Guangzhou, China

Prevalence and causes of anaemia in children aged 6–23 months in rural Qinghai, China: findings from a cross-sectional study

Effect of a Multidimensional Physical Activity Intervention on Body Mass Index, Skinfolds and Fitness in South African Children: Results from a Cluster-Randomised Controlled Trial

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