Anaemia, iron deficiency, iron-deficiency anaemia and their associations with obesity among schoolchildren in Guangzhou, China

Zheng, Hao; Long, Weiqing; Tan, Weiqing; Yang, Chen; Cao, Muqing; Zhu, Yanna

doi:10.1017/s1368980019003604

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Moreover, a recent study including school-aged children from Guangzhou, China, found that obesity was associated with a lower risk of anaemia (adjusted OR = 0⋅553; 95 % CI 0⋅316, 0⋅968; P = 0⋅038) and a higher risk of Fe deficiency without anaemia (ID) (adjusted OR = 1⋅808; 95 % CI 1⋅146, 2⋅853; P = 0⋅011). However, in this work, obesity was not associated with IDA (16) . The underlying mechanisms for the abovementioned associations remain unclear.…”

Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 68%

Metabolic syndrome may be associated with a lower prevalence of iron deficiency in Ecuadorian women of reproductive age

et al. 2021

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The present study aimed to assess the associations of the stages of Fe deficiency (Fe deficiency without anaemia (ID) and Fe-deficiency anaemia (IDA)) and anaemia with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Ecuadorian women. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 5894 women aged 20–59 years, based on data from the 2012 Ecuadorian National Health and Nutrition Survey. The sample was stratified by age. A χ2 test was used to assess the possible associations of ID, IDA and anaemia with MetS. The prevalence ratio (PR) for each stage of Fe deficiency and anaemia was estimated considering women without MetS as a reference. The total prevalence of MetS, ID, IDA and anaemia was 32⋅3 % (se 0⋅6), 6⋅2 % (se 0⋅3), 7⋅1 % (se 0⋅3) and 5⋅0 % (se 0⋅3), respectively. In women aged 20–29, 30–39 and 40–49 years, MetS was associated with a lower prevalence of ID (PR (95 % CI; P-value)): 0⋅17 (0⋅06, 0⋅46; P < 0⋅001), 0⋅69 (0⋅48, 0⋅99; P = 0⋅044) and 0⋅44 (0⋅29, 0⋅67; P < 0⋅001), respectively. In women aged 50–59 years, MetS was associated with IDA and anaemia (PR (95 % CI; P-value)): 0⋅12 (0⋅02, 0⋅96; P = 0⋅026) and 0⋅22 (0⋅07, 0⋅64; P = 0⋅002), respectively. In conclusion, Ecuadorian women of reproductive age with MetS have a lower prevalence of ID compared with those without MetS. Furthermore, the MetS and IDA coexist at the population level. These findings require an analysis from a dietary pattern approach, which could provide key elements for developing public policies that simultaneously address all forms of malnutrition.

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Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 68%

Metabolic syndrome may be associated with a lower prevalence of iron deficiency in Ecuadorian women of reproductive age

et al. 2021

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“…Similar results were found in a cross-sectional Canadian study on 1607 children, aged 1-3 years, which concluded that the z-score of BMI was rose inversely proportional to ferritin levels and it was associated with a higher risk of iron deficiency (22). Another study, from China that included over 5000 patients 7-11 years old observed that obesity increased the risk of ID, even though it did not apparently amplify the risk of anemia (23).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Iron Deficiency in Childhood Obesity

2021

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Introduction: Iron deficiency (ID) is one of the most common causes of anemia in children. Although it is frequently encountered in a clinician's daily practice, the multifactorial etiology of ID still represents a challenge in terms of long-term management. In overweight and obese children, adiposity related inflammation causes ID by decreasing transferrin saturation on one hand and by increasing hepcidin production on the other hand, which in turn decreases iron absorption. Dietary uptake of iron and other micronutrients is also impaired in these children. Aim of the study: To investigate the link between overweight, obesity and iron deficiency in pediatric patients. Materials and methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted over a 1-year period (1st April 2018-31th March 2019), in the Endocrinology Department of "Louis Turcanu" Children's Emergency Clinical Hospital Timisoara. After applying the inclusion criteria, a total of 78 overweight and obese children were enrolled in the study. The Ethics Committee of the "Louis Turcanu" Children's Emergency Clinical Hospital approved the study. Results: The CDC BMI-charts matched for age and sex were used in order to define overweight and obesity (overweight 85th -95th and obesity > 95th percentiles). According to age patients were divided in 3 groups: toddlers 6% (age 1-5 years); preadolescents 40% (age 5-12 years) and adolescents 54% (age 12-18 years). Overall, the overweight/ obesity ratio in the studied groups was as follows: 20:80 in toddlers, 13:87 in preadolescents and 45,6:54,4 in adolescents. The highest percentage of ID-patients was found in toddlers (60%), followed by preadolescents with half as much patients (32%), and the lowest percentages was observed in adolescents (14%). Although there was a correlation between iron levels and BMI throughout our sample, these obese and overweight children did not associate significant anemia. Conclusions: The negative correlation between BMI and iron levels, even in the absence of anemia, should raise awareness with regard to the micronutrient imbalance that exists in these children from a very young age. Children with elevated BMI may need to be screened for iron deficiency. There is an acute need to expand the studies to establish the cause of ID among children and adolescents.

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“…Although the difference between anemia prevalence was not significant across BMI groups among women in Peru, a decreasing trend of anemia in women was also observed with increasing BMI [ 45 ]. A high-calorie diet and adequate intake of animal-based food may increase hemoglobin formation in women with obesity [ 46 ]. A previous study with school children in China reported that although children with obesity had high hemoglobin levels, they could experience iron deficiency, which was not analyzed in our study [ 46 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A high-calorie diet and adequate intake of animal-based food may increase hemoglobin formation in women with obesity [ 46 ]. A previous study with school children in China reported that although children with obesity had high hemoglobin levels, they could experience iron deficiency, which was not analyzed in our study [ 46 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship of body mass index and mid-upper arm circumference with anemia in non-pregnant women aged 19–49 years in Indonesia: Analysis of 2018 Basic Health Research data

et al. 2022

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Background and objectives Anemia remains a major public health problem worldwide. This study examined the relationship between anemia and the nutritional status of non-pregnant women aged 19–49 years in Indonesia. Methods and study design The data were derived from the 2018 Basic Health Research Data of Indonesia. We used information from 11,471 non-pregnant women aged 19–49 years. The dependent variable was anemia (hemoglobin level <12 g/dL). The independent variable was women’s nutritional status, a combined indicator of body mass index (BMI) and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC). Our analysis controlled for women’s age, education, physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption, and the presence of communicable or non-communicable diseases. We performed logistic regression analyses. Results The prevalence of anemia in non-pregnant women aged 19–49 years was 22.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 21.4–23.3). Women with overweight and obesity were less likely to develop anemia than those with a normal BMI, regardless of their MUAC score. The highest odds for developing anemia were observed in underweight women with low MUAC scores (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.83, 95%CI: 2.19–3.68). Higher odds ratios were also observed in women with insufficient physical activity, despite their sufficient consumption of fruits or vegetables (aOR = 1.87, 95%CI: 1.06–3.28). However, women who had been diagnosed with a non-communicable disease had a reduced likelihood of developing anemia (aOR = 0.75, 95%CI: 0.67–0.83). Conclusions Strengthening health promotion activities to improve nutritional status and healthy behaviors, particularly a healthy diet, remains important for women in Indonesia to reduce the prevalence of anemia and improve their overall health status.

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Anaemia, iron deficiency, iron-deficiency anaemia and their associations with obesity among schoolchildren in Guangzhou, China

Cited by 15 publications

References 40 publications

Metabolic syndrome may be associated with a lower prevalence of iron deficiency in Ecuadorian women of reproductive age

Metabolic syndrome may be associated with a lower prevalence of iron deficiency in Ecuadorian women of reproductive age

Iron Deficiency in Childhood Obesity

The relationship of body mass index and mid-upper arm circumference with anemia in non-pregnant women aged 19–49 years in Indonesia: Analysis of 2018 Basic Health Research data

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