Analisis Karakteristik Demografi Pekerja Wanita Sektor Informal pada Era Masyarakat Ekonomi Asean di Kota Palembang

Abstract

AbstrakSektor informal merupakan kegiatan ekonomi alternatif bagi pekerja wanita di Kota Palembang. Selama ini potret sektor informal identik dengan rendahnya upah, pendidikan,kualitas, produktivitas, dan daya saing serta tidak ada keterampilan. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk membahas karakteristik demografi pekerja wanita sektor informal di Kota Palembang pada era Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN (MEA). Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif, dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi dan indepth interview. Data yang telah terkumpul dianalisis dengan tahapan reduction, display dan conclution. Keabsahan data diuji dengan derajat credibility yang meliputi; perpanjangan pengamatan, peningkatan ketekunan, dan triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pekerja wanita sektor informal berada pada kelompok usia produktif dan pendidikan setaran SMA ke bawah. Mayoritas mereka memiliki keterampilan tetapi tidak digunakan sebagai modal usaha karena keterbatasan dana, kebanyakan dari mereka juga tidak pernah mengikuti pelatihan, bekerja sebagai pedagang dan tidak memiliki pengetahuan tentang MEA. Kata kunci: karakteristik demografi, pekerja wanita, sektor informal ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERISTICS DEMOGRAPHY WOMEN WORKER INFORMAL SECTOR IN ERA OF ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY IN PALEMBANG CITY AbstractThe informal sector is an alternative economic activity for female workers in Palembang City. So far, the portrait of the informal sector is synonymous with low wages, education, quality, productivity, and competitiveness and no skills. This paper aims to discuss the demographic characteristics of informal women workers in the city of Palembang in the era of the ASEAN Economic Community (MEA). The method used is qualitative approach, with data collection through interview, observation, documentation and indepth interview. The collected data is analyzed by the reduction, display and conclution stage. The validity of the data is tested with the degree of credibility that includes; extension of observation, increased perseverance, and triangulation. The results showed that informal sector

Informal Sector – A Survival or Consolidation Livelihood Strategy: A Case Study of the Informal Sector Entrepreneurs in Palembang City, Indonesia

“…Based on education and income, the informal sector entrepreneurs are assumed to own sufficient assets. This finding corresponds to Armansyah & Aryaningrum (2017), in which several informal sector entrepreneurs have higher incomes than those engaged in the formal sector. It also supports the evolution theory that emphasizes the ability of the informal sector to grow into a formal one (Hosier, 1987) and to accumulate capitals (Muyambiri & Odhiambo, 2018).…”

“…According to the evolution theory, the informal sector can develop and accumulate capital until it transforms into the formal sector (Hosier, 1987). Besides, developmentalism asserts that the informal sector has the same ability to develop as the formal sector and even provides greater prospects of increased income (Sethuraman, 1977;Hosier, 1987;Portes et al, 1989in Pitoyo, 1999Armansyah & Aryaningrum, 2017). This perception indicates that the informal sector widely opens a window of opportunity for entrepreneurs to earn higher incomes and establish new enterprises without being constrained by government regulations (Mishra, 2010).…”

“…The household has developed and consolidated by utilizing resources for mid-term and long-term goals. 3 The strength of social networks and status possibly leads to the next strategy.…”

Formalisasi sektor informal: Proses, faktor pengaruh, dan dampak pada pelaku usaha sektor informal di Kota Palembang

“…Sektor informal memiliki beragam karakteristik, antara lain tidak membayar pajak, persisten (Gibson & Flaherty, 2016), fleksibel (Soebyakto & Armansyah, 2016;Armansyah & Aryaningrum, 2017), adaptif (Pitoyo, 1999), pendidikan dan keterampilan rendah (Ramdan, 2012;Armansyah & Taufik, 2018), serta miskin (Chen & Vanek, 2013). Sektor informal menjadi strategi bertahan hidup yang populer bagi pencari kerja yang belum bisa beradaptasi dengan globalisasi, gagal memasuki lapangan kerja formal, kalah bersaing atau terkena PHK (Canclini, 2018).…”

The Evidence of Women’s Labor Reasons Performing Informal Economic Activities in Palembang, South Sumatera, Indonesia

“…The informal sector has the ability as a survival livelihood strategy for job seekers [1]. In addition, the informal sector is also able to absorb workers with various characteristics, ranging from workers who have never attended school to those with high education [2]. This is what causes the informal sector to continue to exist as an urban economic activity, even in a crisis and marginalized.…”