Analisis pertumbuhan ekonomi dan ketimpangan pembangunan di Wilayah Sumatera

Abstract

This paper aims to analyze economic growth and inequality of development in the region of Sumatra. The study used panel data of provinces in Sumatra region during the period 2011-2015. The method of analysis used is descriptive research method and panel data regression. Based on the results of the analysis is known that economic growth in the region of Sumatra tend to decrease, whereas development inequality ranges from IW (Williamson Index) 0.406-0.446. The highest level of inequality occured in 2012 in South Sumatra Province of 0,876 and the lowest occured in 2014 in Lampung Province in 0,103. Based on the result of panel data regression, it is known that simultaneously investment, government expenditure, agglomeration, and labor influence to economic growth. Likewise, simultaneously investment, government spending, agglomeration, and labor also have an effect on development inequality.. Keyword: Economic Growth, Development Inequality, Investment, Government Spending, Agglomeration, Labor
 Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pertumbuhan ekonomi serta meninjau seberapa besar ketimpangan pembangunan masing-masing provinsi di wilayah Sumatera. Penelitian ini menggunakan data panel provinsi-provinsi di Wilayah Sumatera selama periode 2011-2015. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian deskriptif dan regresi data panel. Berdasarkan hasil analisis diketahui bahwa pertumbuhan ekonomi di wilayah Sumatera cenderung mengalami penurunan, sedangkan ketimpangan pembangunan berkisar antara IW 0,406-0,446. Tingkat ketimpangan tertinggi terjadi tahun 2012 di Provinsi Sumatera Selatan sebesar 0,876 dan terendah terjadi tahun 2014 di Provinsi Lampung dengan angka 0,103. Berdasarkan hasil regresi data panel diketahui bahwa secara simultan investasi, belanja pemerintah, aglomerasi, dan tenaga kerja berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Demikian juga, secara simultan investasi, belanja pemerintah, aglomerasi, dan tenaga kerja berpengaruh juga terhadap ketimpangan pembangunan.. Kata Kunci : Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, Ketimpangan Pembangunan, Investasi, Belanja Pemerintah, Aglomerasi, Tenaga Kerja

Regional and Intra-Regional Economic Analysis of Musi Rawas Utara District as an Oil Palm Producing Region in Sumatra Selatan Province

“…Table 1. shows that the number of primary sectors is less than the non-primary sector because Musi Rawas Utara Regency is a district with a DOB status (Andhiani et al, 2018). The development pattern of the economic sector is still strongly influenced by government program intervention (Kumar et al, 2021).…”

“…Each area has a sector that has great potential to become the region's leading sector (Khusaini, 2015). Developments in an area's economic sector can be used as indicators of regional economic development (Andhiani et al, 2018). One analysis that can be used to see the economic growth approach to determining leading sectors is the Location Quotient and Shift Share analysis.…”

“…As a new autonomous region (DOB), Musi Rawas Utara Regency has formed a government administration with territorial boundaries with the citizens living along the Rupit River and Rawas River watersheds. This district is also included on the list of disadvantaged areas according to Perpres 63/2020 and become the only regency left behind in the Province Sumatra South and developer policy (Andhiani et al, 2018). The designation as the youngest region in Sumatra Selatan Province and the only underdeveloped region in Sumatra Selatan Province has resulted in limited resources in the region in Musi Rawas Utara Regency, encouraging residents in Musi Rawas Utara Regency to seek fulfillment of their needs in the surrounding area (Putra et al, 2017).…”

Ketimpangan dan Prospek Perekonomian di Pulau Sumatera

“…Terdapat 5 provinsi di Sumatera yang memiliki indeks ketimpangan lebih besar dari rata-rata yaitu Provinsi Aceh, Sumatera Utara, Riau, Sumatera Selatan dan Kepulauan Riau propinsi. Studi ini didukung oleh [13]. Provinsi Sumatera Barat dan Bangka Belitung termasuk dalam kategori ketimpangan rendah dan kategori ketimpangan tinggi terdapat pada provinsi Jambi dan Kepulauan Riau [14], [15], [16], [12], [17].…”

Analisis Sektor Unggulan Kota Lubuklinggau Sebagai Kawasan Strategis Provinsi

“…Setiap daerah perlu melihat sektor yang memiliki potensi besar dan dapat dikembangkan dengan cepat (Khusaini, 2015). Pertumbuhan yang terjadi dalam sektor perekonomian pada suatu daerah dapat digunakan sebagai indikator pembangunan ekonomi daerah (Andhiani et al, 2018). Salah satu pendekatan yang digunakan untuk menganalisis pertumbuhan ekonomi untuk penentuan sektor unggulan suatu daerah adalah dengan analisis Location Quotient dan Shift Share (Setiyawan, 2019).…”