Analysis of a Mobile System to Register the Kinematic Parameters in Ankle, Knee, and Hip based in Inertial Sensors

Abstract

Understanding the lower-extremity kinematic during daily and sport activities provides important information in order to detect abnormalities in human gait or analyse the execution of different sport techniques. Following this approach, this paper presents a kinematic data collection system of human gait in the lower extremities using six inertial sensors MPU 6050 and a microcontroller ATMEGA328P-PU. Six tests were performed and the angular variation was recorded during the execution. The curves obtained during the tests showed a maximum error of ±4, ±1, and-4 degrees at the Yaw, Pitch, and Roll angles respectively. This study proposes a mobile and inexpensive system for detecting the angular variation in reduced speed movements, ideal for goniometric measurement or analyse the techniques in certain sports.

Sport Biomechanics Applications Using Inertial, Force, and EMG Sensors: A Literature Overview

“…Analysing walking was perhaps the least difficult task within this group of actions, and there were numerous studies in this area. Flores-Morales et al [21] used a mobile sensor device with six inertial sensors attached to the lower extremities of subjects and analysed the acquired data with the OpenSim system, which is open-source software, to create and analyse dynamic simulations of movement. An interesting approach, using the autocorrelation function for the assessment of regularity of cyclic human movements, including gait, was presented in [22].…”

In-Field Recording of Six Biaxial Angles and Plantar Pressures in Weightlifting through a Wearable System

“…In the case of Flores-Morales et al ., using an MPU 6050 sensor, a max difference of 9.1° was observed in the knee joint data when contrasted with the video analysis. [ 9 ] In the case of the research presented by Flores et al , the measurements were satisfactorily validated using accelerometers in the vertical axe Z, and they suggest carefully analyzing the measurements in the X and Y axes. [ 10 ] With the use of the ADXL335 sensor, we registered a similar change pattern of angular variation with a difference in the max amplitude of ± 2° in FCI data, comparing it with the video registered.…”

“…The microcontroller transformed the accelerometers readings into degrees of inclination based on the algorithms presented in literature. [ 9 ] The calculated values and the reading of the insoles were arranged in a matrix of twenty columns to finally be sent wirelessly to a computer, using Bluetooth communication at a speed of 9600 baud. A matrix composed of 12 angular data and eight pressure data were recorded in the computer every 100 ms.…”

“…Although the processing speed of the system did not allow for recording dynamic activities beyond gait, the proposed algorithm is applicable for faster system design by upgrading the inertial hardware. [ 9 ] The application of a 3-axis accelerometer (PS-2136A) on the barbells analyzed the vertical plane in the execution of the first thrust, transition, and second thrust in the power start. A high correlation was found here when comparing the recording with the 3D video in the Z axis, but not so in the X and Y axes.…”

Simultaneous exercise recognition and evaluation in prescribed routines: Approach to virtual coaches

“…These proposals cover from the integration of the gyroscope data to estimate the joint orientation [12], [15]- [17], [41], to its combination with the direct use of the data from accelerometers to estimate the orientation of joints [80], [104], [105] and segments [59], [60], [63], [81], and to estimate the orientation and location of segments [110], [112]. The measurements from gyroscopes and accelerometers are also used directly to obtain the orientation and location of joints [35] and segments [46], and to estimate the orientation of both joints and segments [48], [51], [113]. The information of the three sensors in the IMU are also directly used for the estimation of the segments orientation [141].…”