Analysis of BZLF1 mRNA detection in saliva as a marker for active replication of Epstein-Barr virus

Association Between Environmental Factors and Oral Epstein-Barr Virus DNA Loads: A Multicenter Cross-sectional Study in China

“…All of these findings consistently suggest that individuals with high lytic EBV antibody levels have greatly increased malignancy risks, revealing that EBV reactivation could be present prior to clinical onset. Given that EBV reactivation appears to play an important role in the pathogenesis of EBV-associated disease [11][12][13][14][15][16][17], determining the inducing factors would be helpful in the primary prevention of EBV reactivation, even to the EBV-associated diseases. Several agents, such as tetradecanoylphorbol acetate, phorbol ester, calcium ionophores, and some extracts of food containing mycotoxin aflatoxin B1, Cantonese-style salted fish, Chinese herbs have been reported to contribute to EBV reactivation [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25].…”

The role of oxidative stress in EBV lytic reactivation, radioresistance and the potential preventive and therapeutic implications

“…Various lines of evidence indicate that lytic induction of EBV can occur in EBV‐related diseases . In our laboratory, observed the immediate‐early and early lytic genes, BZLF1 and BMRF1 , are expressed in NPC and lymphoma tissues, suggesting that active lytic reactivation is involved in the pathogenesis NPC and lymphoma patients .…”

“…Various lines of evidence indicate that lytic induction of EBV can occur in EBV-related diseases. [3][4][5][6] In our laboratory, observed the immediate-early and early lytic genes, BZLF1 and BMRF1, are expressed in NPC and lymphoma tissues, suggesting that active lytic reactivation is involved in the pathogenesis NPC and lymphoma patients. 3 Besides, BZLF1 mRNA was detected in various specimens (saliva, plasma, PBMC) of patients with EBV-induced infectious mononucleosis, also indicating the presence of lytic reactivation in EBVrelated diseases.…”

“…3 Besides, BZLF1 mRNA was detected in various specimens (saliva, plasma, PBMC) of patients with EBV-induced infectious mononucleosis, also indicating the presence of lytic reactivation in EBVrelated diseases. 4 Moreover, Tsai et al isolated an EBV strain M81 from a Chinese patient with NPC, which has unusually high levels of spontaneously replication activities, suggesting the enhanced viral replication observed in NPC patients. 5 In addition, in a recent study of 700 EBV-immortalized lymphoblastoid cell lines that were characterized for host and viral transcriptome and epigenome, viral lytic genes were coexpressed with cellular cancer-associated pathways, including pathways involved in B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, interferon-alpha (INFa), WNT, and B cell receptor signaling, Arvey et al which suggested that EBV lytic reactivation occurred and played a role in oncogenesis of EBV (1) tumors.…”

The role of children and adults as a reservoir of pathogens during the seasonal rise in the incidence of upper respiratory tract infections

“…Исследования, посвященные изучению жизненного цикла вируса, позволили установить, что выход из клеток и обнаружение ВЭБ в слюне соотносится с фазой литической репликации. После чего вирионы находят новые клетки-мишени как внутри этого же организма, так и за его пределами, и внедряются в них [17]. Таким образом, слюна является эволюционно обусловленным фактором передачи ВЭБ-инфекции.…”