Analysis of Harmful Exhaust Gas Concentrations in Cloud behind a Vehicle with a Spark Ignition Engine

Rymaniak, Łukasz; Kamińska, Michalina; Szymlet, Natalia; Grzeszczyk, R.

doi:10.3390/en14061769

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…When passing through the catalytic converter, the gas will undergo a chemical process (oxidized and reduced) due to the addition of oxygen and high temperatures. The combustion process of remaining hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) which is still present in the exhaust gas when it passes through the catalyst will turn into stable compounds in the form of CO2, H2O, N2, and O2 [14], [15].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Honeycomb-Shaped Brass Plate Catalyst to Reduce Motor Vehicle Emissions

Mokhtar

Saifullah

Rahmandhika

2021

JEMMME

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The increasing number of motorized vehicles has a direct impact on exhaust gas air pollution. The air pollution in urban areas is dominated by motorized vehicle emissions, along with pollution problems. This study aims to reduce motor vehicle emissions by using a catalytic converter design made from a brass plate catalyst in the shape of a honeycomb. Honeycomb-shaped brass is suitable for catalysts in the catalytic converter. Besides being easy to obtain and cheap in price, the catalyst can reduce and oxidize exhaust gases well, making it suitable as a catalyst material. The method used in this research is the experimental method. It is started from the design of the catalytic converter house and determining the type of catalyst to the process of making the catalytic converter with a honeycomb-shaped brass plate. Then, testing to determine the emission of exhaust gases produced is required. The last step is to compare it without using a catalytic converter or standard conditions. From the results of the emission test, it was found that the use of a catalytic converter made from a brass plate catalyst in the shape of a honeycomb can reduce HC and CO emissions, while CO2 emissions have increased. A decrease in HC gas emissions by 19.1% for a single catalytic converter and 33.7% for a dual catalytic converter is better compared to without using a catalytic converter or standard conditions. Reduced CO gas emissions by 23.8% for a single catalytic converter and 43.1% for a dual catalytic converter are compared to without using a catalytic converter. Meanwhile, CO2 gas emissions increased by 60.7% for a single catalytic converter, and 81.6% for multiple catalytic converters are compared without using a catalytic converter. This is a result of the addition of oxygen to the oxidation process that running smoothly.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Honeycomb-Shaped Brass Plate Catalyst to Reduce Motor Vehicle Emissions

Mokhtar

Saifullah

Rahmandhika

2021

JEMMME

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“…It enables the measurement of the concentration of gaseous toxic compounds using: a non-dispersive infrared analyzer -NDIR (CO 2 , CO, HC) and an electrochemical analyzer (NO). The equipment also allows testing the concentration of PM using the method based on Laser Scatter, in which the speed of particle movement is measured (taking into account the values assigned to PM 10 ) [18,20].…”

Section: Measurement Equipmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of harmful compounds concentrations in the exhaust behind a vehicle with compression ignition engine

Kamińska,

Szymlet,

Fuć

et al. 2024

Combustion Engines

Self Cite

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The article presents issues related to the assessment of concentrations of harmful substances in the exhaust gas cloud behind a compression-ignition passenger vehicle. The introduction discusses the subject of optical measurement methods and refers to Lambert Beer's law describing the phenomenon of absorption of electromagnetic radiation when passing through a partially absorbing and scattering medium. The vehicle used during the tests was characterized by a four-cylinder drive unit with a maximum power of 110 kW at 4000 rpm and a maximum torque of 320 Nm at 2000 rpm. The vehicle was type-approved in accordance with the Euro 4 standard. Exhaust gas dispersion tests behind the vehicle were carried out both in stationary conditions (a specially prepared laboratory stand) and in real operating conditions. PEMS testing equipment was used for this type of measurements. During the measurements, concentrations of harmful exhaust gas compounds were analyzed in relation to the distance of the measuring probe from the exhaust system. In stationary conditions, the influence of the engine speed on the dispersion of pollutants was also studied. The tests carried out show that the concentrations obtained behind a moving vehicle significantly decrease with the distance of the measuring probe, and their dispersion in most cases is much smaller than in the case of stationary tests. This is the basis for recognizing that thanks to this, it is possible to analyze the concentrations obtained and conduct tests using the emission gate.

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“…In recent years, especially in the context of growing environmental awareness and concern for the environment, these engines have come under fire due to the emission of harmful substances such as nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and particulate matter (PM) [11,12]. More and more stringent requirements were set for exhaust emission standards, which forced the use of technologically advanced exhaust gas cleaning systems based on particulate filters, multi-level exhaust gas recirculation systems, or selective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of dimethyl ether (DME) solution in compression ignition engine

Smolec,

Karpiuk,

Bajerlein

et al. 2024

Combustion Engines

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The development of compression ignition combustion engines is focused on meeting many challenges, mainly related to growing ecological requirements. Currently, however, due to technological barriers, meeting them is very difficult and requires the use of additional exhaust gas treatment systems. The use of injection of a diesel and gas solution seems to be very promising. The article presents the results of engine tests involving the use of a solution of diesel fuel and dimethyl ether. The tests were performed on a single-cylinder research engine equipped with a common rail fuel system. The obtained results suggest that the use of the solution has a positive effect on the process of creating the fuel-air mixture, resulting in a reduction in the concentration of HC and CO, while increasing the share of NOx, suggesting an improvement in the combustion process, as evidenced by the limiting injection dose.

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Analysis of Harmful Exhaust Gas Concentrations in Cloud behind a Vehicle with a Spark Ignition Engine

Cited by 20 publications

References 19 publications

Honeycomb-Shaped Brass Plate Catalyst to Reduce Motor Vehicle Emissions

Honeycomb-Shaped Brass Plate Catalyst to Reduce Motor Vehicle Emissions

Analysis of harmful compounds concentrations in the exhaust behind a vehicle with compression ignition engine

The use of dimethyl ether (DME) solution in compression ignition engine

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