Analysis of Non-Ionic Surfactant Triton X-100 Using Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry

Farsang, Evelin; Gaál, Violetta; Horváth, Ottó; Bárdos, Erzsébet; Horváth, Krisztián

doi:10.3390/molecules24071223

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In fact, Triton X-100 is a mixture of ethoxylated octylphenols. These compounds differ by 44 ([C 2 H 4 O]-units) atomic mass units according to their degree of ethoxylation [88].…”

Section: A B D Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Nanoanalytics in the Development of Organic-Inorganic Nanohybrids—Seeing Nanomaterials as They Are

Semenova

Silina

2019

Nanomaterials

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The functional properties of organic-inorganic (O-I) hybrids can be easily tuned by combining system components and parameters, making this class of novel nanomaterials a crucial element in various application fields. Unfortunately, the manufacturing of organic-inorganic nanohybrids still suffers from mechanical instability and insufficient synthesis reproducibility. The control of the composition and structure of nanosurfaces themselves is a specific analytical challenge and plays an important role in the future reproducibility of hybrid nanomaterials surface properties and response. Therefore, appropriate and sufficient analytical methodologies and technical guidance for control of their synthesis, characterization and standardization of the final product quality at the nanoscale level should be established. In this review, we summarize and compare the analytical merit of the modern analytical methods, viz. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), RAMAN spectroscopy, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and several mass spectrometry (MS)-based techniques, that is, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), single particle ICP-MS (sp-ICP-MS), laser ablation coupled ICP-MS (LA-ICP-MS), time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) utilized for characterization of O-I nanohybrids. Special attention is given to laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) as a reliable nanoanalytical platform for characterization of O-I hybrid nanomaterials, their quality, design verification and validation.

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“…In fact, Triton X-100 is a mixture of ethoxylated octylphenols. These compounds differ by 44 ([C 2 H 4 O]-units) atomic mass units according to their degree of ethoxylation [88].…”

Section: A B D Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Nanoanalytics in the Development of Organic-Inorganic Nanohybrids—Seeing Nanomaterials as They Are

Semenova

Silina

2019

Nanomaterials

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“…About 50% of the total surfactant production [1] are non-ionic surfactants, and among these, poly(ethoxylated) molecules are the most frequent, such as Tweens or Tritons. These technical surfactants are not chemically pure but consist of many components with different size distributions of the alkyl chain [2] and ethylene oxide chain [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamics, Kinetics and Dilational Visco-Elasticity of Adsorbed CnEOm Layers at the Aqueous Solution/Air Interface

Fainerman¹,

Kovalchuk

Aksenenko

et al. 2021

Colloids and Interfaces

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The adsorption behaviour of linear poly(oxyethylene) alkyl ether (CnEOm) is best described by a reorientation model. Based on a complete set of experimental data, including the adsorption kinetics, the equilibrium surface tension isotherm and the surface dilational visco-elasticity, the thermodynamic and kinetic adsorption parameters for some CnEOm at the water/air interface were determined. For the study, six CnEOm surfactants were selected (n = 10, 12 and 14 and m = 4, 5 and 8) and were studied by bubble profile analysis and maximum bubble pressure tensiometry. A refined theoretical model based on a reorientation-adsorption model combined with a diffusion-controlled adsorption kinetics and exchange of matter allowed us to calculate the surface layer composition by adsorbing molecules in different orientations. It turns out that at larger surface coverage, the adsorption rate decreases, i.e., the apparent diffusion coefficients are smaller. This deceleration can be explained by the transition of molecules adsorbed in a state of larger molar surface area into a state with smaller molar surface area.

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“…To our knowledge, although many applications have been reported for the detection of anionic surfactants, no structural information is available for CES. In the present study, direct‐injection analysis coupled to negative electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI(−)‐MS) and dual‐stage MS (tandem MS) analysis was employed for the first time, to obtain a mass spectrometry fingerprint for the detection of methanolic solutions of CES in a raw material standard and three common commercial cleaning products, without any further pre‐treatment 51–55 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coceth sulfate characterization by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry

Onzo

Acquavia

Cataldi

et al. 2020

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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Rationale The anionic surfactants, among which are alkyl ether sulfates (AESs), are the most used class of surfactants in cleansing applications. The negatively charged head group of AESs is a sulfate moiety linked with a variable number of ethylene oxide units, i.e. a polyethylene glycol chain. The hydrophobic part of an AES is constituted by a linear alkyl chain of carbon atoms, generally obtained from natural fatty acids. Coconut oil fatty acids, including the sodium salts of coceth sulfate (CES) with chemical formula CxHy (OCH2CH2)nOSO3Na, are widely used as feedstock for AESs synthesis. CES is added to many cleaning products and detergents defined as non‐aggressive. Currently, no detailed structural information concerning the alkyl chain length x and, more importantly, the degree of ethoxylation n has been reported. Methods A commercial standard solution of CES was characterized by tandem mass spectrometry, employing direct injection into the electrospray ionization (ESI) source of a a linear quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer. Results Two series of oligomeric species, characterized by a C12 and C14 alkyl chains, i.e. [C12H25(OCH2CH2)nOSO3]− and [C14H29(OCH2CH2)nOSO3]− with n ranging from 0 to 7, were successfully identified. The interpretation of these data was very useful for CES identification in three commercial dishwasher cleaning products. Conclusions Direct injection MS/MS analysis of CES revealed a well‐defined molecular weight distribution and allowed the alkyl chain composition and the number of ethylene oxide units to be to identified.

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Analysis of Non-Ionic Surfactant Triton X-100 Using Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry

Cited by 17 publications

References 34 publications

The Role of Nanoanalytics in the Development of Organic-Inorganic Nanohybrids—Seeing Nanomaterials as They Are

The Role of Nanoanalytics in the Development of Organic-Inorganic Nanohybrids—Seeing Nanomaterials as They Are

Thermodynamics, Kinetics and Dilational Visco-Elasticity of Adsorbed CnEOm Layers at the Aqueous Solution/Air Interface

Coceth sulfate characterization by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry

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