Analysis of population-genetic processes in different cattle breeds by microsatellite loci of DNA

Abstract

Aim. The aim of our research was to analyze the population-genetic processes in different dairy breeds using highly polymorphic molecular and genetic markers (DNA microsatellites). Methods. We used 10 loci recommended by the International Society for Animal Genetics (ISAG) to analyze 88 DNA samples of the two most abundant dairy breeds of cattle in Ukraine – Ukrainian red-motley dairy and Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breeds. Using formulae that related the expected linkage disequilibrium (LD) to the effective population size (Ne), Ne was estimated. Results. The work presents the results of the study on genetic processes in the populations of Ukrainian red-and-motley breed using 10 microsatellite loci of DNA. It was shown that, being highly polymorphic multilocus genetic systems, microsatellites of DNA are highly informative markers of populationgenetic processes, occurring in the populations of cattle. Conclusions. The studied populations of Ukrainian dairy cattle breeds are impacted by population-genetic and genetic-automatic processes. In particular, the effect of the latter on Ukrainian red-and-motley dairy breed was noted. These animals had notable signifi cant loss of rare alleles and the manifestation effect of “bottle neck”. The values obtained testify to a low level of inbredness in these populations. The effective population size in the studied Ukrainian dairy cattle breeds was estimated in the approximate range of 397–555 heads which testifi ed to a favorable condition of the population of Ukrainian red-and-motley dairy cattle and a critical condition of the Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed.

Evaluation of genetic diversity and relationships among eight Russian and Ukrainian cattle breeds based on microsatellite markers

“…We also found significant differences between Ne estimates for breeds originated from Holstein, which are bred in Ukraine and the Russian Federation. So, for populations of the Ukrainian Red Pied and Ukrainian Black Pied dairy breeds, Ne values were 555 and 397 animals, respectively (Shelyov et al, 2017), while for populations that are bred in the Russian Federation, these values were 34 and 62 animals, respectively.…”

Analysis of the genetic structure of a population of Lebedyn cattle by microsatellite markers

“…Unfortunately, in accessible literary sources, there was not enough information about the subject of research that could be correctly used for analysis. In the majority of publications there was no data about allele frequencies, generally the authors results gave average values of genetic-population indicators, making it impossible to use these data by other researchers in case of deviations in the set of molecular markers (Shel'ov et al, 2017, Guseev et al, 2016. For analysis, we were able to select only a few articles, containing information directly on the Lebedyn breed (data for 2015, PJSC "Mykhaylivka" (Shkavro et al, 2018), and for 4 breeds which could be related to it to some extent (which have a common origin): Ukrainian grey (DPDH "Polyvanivka», n = 27 (Shkavro et al, 2010)), Bulgarian grey (Sredets, Bulgaria, n = 35 (Teneva et al, 2005)), Red steppe (DTPP "Stepne", n = 35 (Kramarenko et al, 2018)), Swiss and Simmental (Switzerland, n = 44 (Schmid et al, 1999)).…”

Scientific and Organizational Aspects of Generation, Genetics, Reproduction Biotechnology and Protection of the Genofonds in Livestock Breeding

“…Проведено молекулярно-генетичну паспортизацію 204 бугаїв Банку генетичних ресурсів тварин [7,16] відповідно до рекомендацій ISAG/FAO. Проводиться робота з тестування тварин за поліморфізмом гену BoLA-DRB3 головного комплексу гістосумісності у популяціях тварин щодо стійкості або схильності до маститів у дослідних господарствах ДП ДГ «Христинівське» і ДП ДГ «Нива» інституту.…”