Analysis of red blood cell parameters in dogs with various stages of degenerative mitral valve disease

Abstract

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec id="j_jvetres-2020-0043_s_005_w2aab3b7c83b1b6b1aab1c14b1Aa"><jats:title>Introduction</jats:title><jats:p>Although peripheral blood analysis has become increasingly automated, microscopy is the only available method for the diagnosis of anisocytosis and poikilocytosis. The aims of the study were to compare RBC volume data obtained with two different analysers and by manual assessment of smears and to compare this data between dogs in various stages of heart failure secondary to degenerative mitral valvular (DMV) disease. The impact of diuretic administration on RBC morphology was also assessed.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec id="j_jvetres-2020-0043_s_006_w2aab3b7c83b1b6b1aab1c14b2Aa"><jats:title>Material and Methods</jats:title><jats:p>Sixty-eight dogs, 56 in different stages of DMV disease and 12 as healthy controls, were studied. Impedance and flow cytometry haematological analyses were performed for each animal. Additionally, two smears were prepared for manual analysis. RBC structure, staining, and size differences were recorded.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec id="j_jvetres-2020-0043_s_007_w2aab3b7c83b1b6b1aab1c14b3Aa"><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>There were no significant differences between the blood morphological parameters assessed using haematological analysers nor between dogs receiving diuretic treatment and those not treated. Based on the manual smear, significantly higher erythrocyte anisocytosis was observed in the dogs with symptomatic DMV disease than in the control group.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec id="j_jvetres-2020-0043_s_008_w2aab3b7c83b1b6b1aab1c14b4Aa"><jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title><jats:p>Haematological analysers based on impedance and flow cytometry provide reliable and comparable morphological results in dogs with heart failure. However, microscopic assessment of blood smears is a more reliable tool to detect erythrocyte anisocytosis.</jats:p></jats:sec>

​Erythrocyte Parameters as a Diagnostic Tool in Canine Medicine: A Review

“…Tvedten (2005) reported hydration status and fear could alter the haematocrit value, haemoglobin and RBC. In dog breed variation in erythrocyte volume is recorded (Kumiega et al, 2020). Greyhounds have an MCV, which is physiologically higher than other breeds (Porter and Canaday, 1971).…”

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and red blood cell distribution width to platelet ratio and their relationships with inflammatory and antioxidant status in dogs with different stages of heart failure

“…In addition to cardiac damage biomarkers such as cardiac troponins and natriuretic peptides, CBC indices were investigated in order to evaluate the severity of heart failure and coronary artery diseases and to evaluate their prognostic performance by several previously published studies in human medicine (Angkananard et Kumiega et al 2020). The red blood cell distribution width-to-platelet ratio (RDW/PLT), a combination of two independent parameters (RBCs and PLTs), is accepted as a new index to re ect the severity of in ammation and is suggested as a diagnostic and prognostic parameter in humans and dogs with cardiovascular diseases (Celik et al 2016).…”

Red blood cells morphology and morphometry in adult, senior, and geriatricians dogs by optical and scanning electron microscopy

“…Poikilocytosis is the term used for abnormal shaped RBC in the blood (4). Assessing alterations in red blood cell morphology provides important information that can help to establish a differential diagnosis of diseases in both humans and animals (5)(6)(7)(8). In addition to diseases, other physiological factors can cause changes in erythrocyte morphology, such as aging (9,10).…”

“…The morphological evaluation of RBC through SEM has been applied mainly in human medicine, in patients with inflammatory diseases, cardiovascular, related to aging, and diabetes ( 17 – 19 ). Some of these diseases can also be present in dogs, especially in aging dogs ( 7 , 20 – 22 ). Thus, over the years the dog has been used as an experimental model in the advancement of some diseases that also occur in humans ( 22 – 25 ).…”