Analysis of sister chromatid exchange and micronuclei in peripheral blood lymphocytes of nurses handling cytostatic drugs

Kašuba, Vilena; Rozgaj, Ružica; Garaj‐Vrhovac, Vera

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1263(199911/12)19:6<401::aid-jat592>3.0.co;2-h

Cited by 32 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…However, there are controversial results with respect to exposure duration. Studies by Kevekordes et al (1998), Kasuba et al (1999), Laffon et al (2005), Cavallo et al (2007), Rekhadevi et al (2007), and Kopjar et al (2009) noted a correlation between years of exposure and rise of MN rate. In addition, Laffon et al (2005) reported this effect after 10 yr of cumulative exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Genotoxic Effects in Nurses Handling Cytostatic Drugs

Ladeira

Viegas

Pádua

et al. 2014

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A

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Several antineoplastic drugs have been classified as carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) on the basis of epidemiological findings, animal carcinogenicity data, and outcomes of in vitro genotoxicity studies. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), which is easily absorbed through the skin, is the most frequently used antineoplastic agent in Portuguese hospitals and therefore may be used as an indicator of surface contamination. The aims of the present investigation were to (1) examine surface contamination by 5-FU and (2) assess the genotoxic risk using cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay in nurses from two Portuguese hospitals. The study consisted of 2 groups: 27 nurses occupationally exposed to cytostatic agents (cases) and 111 unexposed individuals (controls). Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were collected in order to measure micronuclei (MN) in both groups. Hospital B showed a higher numerical level of contamination but not significantly different from Hospital A. However; Hospital A presented the highest value of contamination and also a higher proportion of contaminated samples. The mean frequency of MN was significantly higher in exposed workers compared with controls. No significant differences were found among MN levels between the two hospitals. The analysis of confounding factors showed that age is a significant variable in MN frequency occurrence. Data suggest that there is a potential genotoxic damage related to occupational exposure to cytostatic drugs in oncology nurses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Genotoxic Effects in Nurses Handling Cytostatic Drugs

Ladeira

Viegas

Pádua

et al. 2014

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A

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“…In the studies about the eŠects of occupational exposures at the cellular level, several groups reported that signiˆcant diŠerences were observed between the frequencies of SCEs, 3) chromosome aberration (CA), 21) micronuclei (MN), 4) and commet assay, 7) while other groups reported no signiˆcant diŠerences between the frequency of SCEs, 2,4,5) CA, 2) and MN. 2) Further, only Roth 2) and Kopjar 7) reported obvious correlation between cellular level eŠects of hazardous drugs and working environments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Environmental Contaminations and Occupational Exposures Involved in Preparation of Chemotherapeutic Drugs

et al. 2010

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Many healthcare workers are concerned about the risk of occupational exposures to hazardous drugs. The Japanese Society of Hospital Pharmacists (JSHP) revised the``Guidelines for the Handling of Antineoplastic Drugs in Hospitals'', however, the precautions and awareness of handling drugs varied in institutions. We assessed the levels of environmental contaminations in our hospital and urinary excretion of cyclophosphamide (CP) and ifosfamide (IF) in pharmacists and nurses. In environmental studies, we obtained samples by wiping the surfaces around two biological safety cabinets (BSCs) on eight days for four months. One BSC was equipped in hospital pharmacy and the other was equipped in an oncology ward, and used for preparing chemotherapeutic drugs for outpatients and for inpatients, respectively. We obtained the urine samples from 6 pharmacists and 2 nurses. We used solid phase extraction (SPE) as a convenient extraction procedure and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) for the analysis of the samples. CP was detected on the working surfaces inside both BSCs, and detected at low levels on the back surfaces of the BSCs and at the working tables around the BSCs. IF over the LLOQ was not detected in both BSCs. CP and IF were not detected in all urine samples of pharmacists and nurses. Detection frequencies and amounts of these drugs were low levels, compared with previous reports in Japan, and our results showed that improving awareness about handling hazardous drugs could reduce the risk of the occupational exposures.

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“…These ®ndings may be explained by the unspeci®c nature of these markers and the multitude of factors (e.g., individual susceptibility, variability in DNA repair, working conditions, lifestyle, study design, dosimetry procedures) that could have undesired in¯uences on the outcome of human biomonitoring studies. The lack of signi®cant dierences in SCE between exposed probands and controls observed in our study is in good accordance with recently published data (Lanza et al 1999, Kasuba et al 1999, and may be related to the use of protective equipment at work that is expected to determine the genotoxic impact of occupational exposure to anticancer drugs. For instance, Kevekordes et al (1998) found signi®cant increases of SCEs and MN frequencies in ten nurses who were considered to be exposed to high amounts of antineoplastic agents, after malfunction of a safety hood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%