Analysis of Structure of Intraventricular Blood Flow Based on Studies of Architectonics of Trabecular Layer in Left Ventricle

The Hydrodynamics of a Swirling Blood Flow in the Left Heart and Aorta

“…The resulting value was shown to obey the hyperbolic law, depending on the cumulative longitudinal coordinate along the trajectory of jet evolution (i.e., as a result of summation of axial lengths along the inflow and ejecting trabecular systems.) This gave grounds for assuming that evolution of the only swirling jet maintaining its structure upon phase transition during the cardiac cycle (ventricular diastole to systole) takes place in the LV cavity [ 36 , 37 ].…”

“…Mapping and analysis of the velocity field in the aorta, measured by phase-contrast MRI velocimetry, revealed the following features of the flow: (a) the velocity vectors predominantly rotate clockwise; (b) in each aortic cross-section, there are at least two oppositely charged circulation centers corresponding to the dominant jet and secondary reversed jets with the same structure; (c) the axis of the injected swirling axis in the aortic lumen (precession) rotates clockwise during the entire cardiac cycle (the jet is "rolling" along the aortic wall); (d) jet circulation along the aorta is reduced (both for positive and negative circulation); (e) the frequency parameter of the jet C 0 along the aorta is reduced; and (f) circulation G 0 during the cardiac cycle is reduced (rotation decay). A conclusion has been drawn that the pulsatile mode of blood ejection into the aorta is needed for twisting the medium and maintaining continuous rotation of the jet [ 35 ].…”

Nonlinear Concave Spiral Waves in Active Media Transferring Energy

“…The main macroscopic function of the heart is the effective release of blood into the aorta of the thoracic and pulmonary. In a number of works, it was convincingly shown that an important feature of the flow in the ascending aorta and the aortic arch in most healthy people is the swirling of the blood flow clockwise along the bloodstream [27][28][29][30]. To solve these problems, evolution used the following solutions: 1) tornado-like swirling of the blood flow (such as a tornado); 2) the special structure of the ventricles of the heart of the right and left in the form of a muscle structure, providing a swirl of the blood flow and the inner surface of the endocardium in the form of a structured rough wall to ensure an increase in blood flow in accordance with the twisting movements of the walls.…”

“…how the flow came to this state and will evolve subsequently. Thus, the analysis allows us to restore the picture of the evolution of intracardiac blood flow, based on the hydrodynamic parameters calculated from the casts of the cavity of the left ventricle of the heart [27][28][29][30].. The stages of evolution of the intracardiac blood flow are schematically shown in fig. 14.…”