“…FB identity is understood as a firm self-concept, embracing the idiosyncratic attributes resulting from kin-ownership (Nikodemska-Wolowik, 2006;Botero et al 2013;Blombäck & Ramírez-Pasillas, 2012). Concerning market communication, explicit signals are more effective than indirect messages (Hartnett et al, 2016), furthermore, the possibilities of their effective usage increase significantly in terms of intensive ICT development (Bilan, Mishchuk, Samoliuk, & Grishnova, 2019;Janšto, Polakovič, Hennyeyová, & Slováková, 2019;Botos, Szilágyi, Felföldi, & Tóth, 2020;). According to Zanon et al (2019), a large number of FBs worldwide explicitly communicate their family status to stakeholders, but there are countries like Poland, in which consumers are not always able to identify themselves as familyowned.…”