Analysis of the Distribution of Forest Fires in Russia

Korovin, G. N.

doi:10.1007/978-94-015-8737-2_8

Cited by 73 publications

(66 citation statements)

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“…In some years, no crown fires are observed within the 81-ha simulated area, and over the course of the 300-year simulation, a few years have no fires at all. The simulated crown-to-ground fire ratio is in alignment with observed and estimated crown fire fraction: 16%-24% [32], 22% [14], 20% [3,4,31], 33.6% [77], 25% crown [2,80], 6.5% crown [5] and a similarly low estimate of 7% crown with 22% intense ground (may consume much vegetation and exhibit similar intensity as crown fires) [72]. In larch-and pine-dominated forests, crown fires can comprise as much as 42% of total fires [77].…”

Section: Probabilistic Firesupporting

confidence: 62%

“…The simulated forest structure and composition, stored carbon (biomass) and the pattern of forest distribution generated without accounting for disturbance (no fire) under historical and possible future climatological conditions along this mountain have previously been qualitatively and quantitatively compared to field observations and modeling studies described in the literature [45]. Here, we qualitatively compare the annual area burned, fire intensity (fire type), as well as the locations of more frequent burns on the landscape to the descriptions in the literature [12,14,29,32]. We evaluated whether forest characteristics and distribution are better approximated when disturbances (fire) are included in the simulation and estimated how fire disturbances may affect the landscape pattern and the ability of the ecosystem to store carbon under a warmer climate in the near future using the observed warming and precipitation [22,65,76] trends for the region and extrapolating them forward linearly to the year 2100.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulating Changes in Fires and Ecology of the 21st Century Eurasian Boreal Forests of Siberia

Brazhnik¹,

Hanley²,

Shugart³

2017

Forests

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Abstract:Wildfires release the greatest amount of carbon into the atmosphere compared to other forest disturbances. To understand how current and potential future fire regimes may affect the role of the Eurasian boreal forest in the global carbon cycle, we employed a new, spatially-explicit fire module DISTURB-F (DISTURBance-Fire) in tandem with a spatially-explicit, individually-based gap dynamics model SIBBORK (SIBerian BOReal forest simulator calibrated to Krasnoyarsk Region). DISTURB-F simulates the effect of forest fire on the boreal ecosystem, namely the mortality of all or only the susceptible trees (loss of biomass, i.e., carbon) within the forested landscape. The fire module captures some important feedbacks between climate, fire and vegetation structure. We investigated the potential climate-driven changes in the fire regime and vegetation in middle and south taiga in central Siberia, a region with extensive boreal forest and rapidly changing climate. The output from this coupled simulation can be used to estimate carbon losses from the ecosystem as a result of fires of different sizes and intensities over the course of secondary succession (decades to centuries). Furthermore, it may be used to assess the post-fire carbon storage capacity of potential future forests, the structure and composition of which may differ significantly from current Eurasian boreal forests due to regeneration under a different climate.

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Section: Probabilistic Firesupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating Changes in Fires and Ecology of the 21st Century Eurasian Boreal Forests of Siberia

Brazhnik¹,

Hanley²,

Shugart³

2017

Forests

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“…3). Since roughly 80% of Siberian fires burn as surface fires during typical burning conditions (Belov 1976;Furyaev 1996;Korovin 1996), our aerosol estimates should be considered reasonable for most fires on Scots pine sites across Siberia. McRae et al (2005) report details of the fire behavior characteristics of several of these experimental fires.…”

Section: Firesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Particulate emissions from fires in central Siberian Scots pine forests

Samsonov¹,

Koutsenogii²,

Макаров³

et al. 2005

Can. J. For. Res.

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Siberian boreal forest fires burn large areas annually, resulting in smoke that releases large amounts of particulate emission into the atmosphere. We sampled aerosol emissions from experimental fires on three Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forest sites of central Siberia. Emissions from ground-based aerosol samples were 0.1-0.7 t/ha. This value represented 1%-7% of the total biomass (10-30 t/ha) consumed during the experimental fires. We were able to classify the chemical composition of 77%-90% of the mass of particulate fire emissions. Chemical analysis indicated that an average of 8%-17% of the particulate composition was of mineral origin. Carbonaceous aerosols created because of incomplete combustion ranged from 50% to 70% of the total aerosol mass. The fraction of aerosols containing elemental carbon (EC) (i.e., graphite, soot, and charcoal) was 7%-15%. As our samples were taken near the ground surface, these results represent freshly emitted fire aerosols that have not yet had time to react with atmospheric moisture or to undergo postfire chemical or physical-chemical changes. In a typical year, where 12 × 10 6 -14 × 10 6 ha burn in Russia, we estimate that 3 × 10 6 -10 × 10 6 t of particulate matter may be emitted into the atmosphere.Résumé : À chaque année, les incendies brûlent de vastes zones de forêt boréale en Sibérie. Ces incendies produisent de la fumée qui relâche dans l'atmosphère de grandes quantités de particules. Ils ont échantillonné les émissions d'aérosols provenant de feux expérimentaux dans trois forêts de pin sylvestre (Pinus sylvestris L.) du centre de la Sibérie. Sur la base d'échantillons d'aérosols prélevés au sol, les émissions atteignent 0,1-0,7 t/ha. Cette valeur représente 1 % -7 % de la biomasse totale (10-30 t/ha) consumée par les feux expérimentaux. Les auteurs ont pu classer la composition chimique de 70 % -90 % de la masse des émissions de particules dues au feu. L'analyse chimique a montré que 8 % -17 % des particules sont d'origine minérale. Les aérosols carbonés provenant de la combustion incomplète comptent pour 50 % -70 % de la masse totale d'aérosols. La proportion des aérosols contenant du carbone élémentaire (c.-à-d. du graphite, de la suie et du charbon) est de 7 % -15 %. Étant donné que nos échantillons ont été prélevés près de la surface du sol, ces résultats représentent les aérosols fraîchement émis par le feu qui n'ont pas eu le temps de réagir avec l'humidité atmosphérique ou subir des modifications chimiques ou physico-chimiques à la suite du feu. Au cours d'une année typique en Russie, où 12 × 10 6 -14 × 10 6 ha de forêt sont détruites par le feu, ils estiment que 3 × 10 6 -10 × 10 6 t de particules seraient émises dans l'atmosphère.[Traduit par la Rédaction] Samsonov et al. 2217

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“…In general, the majority of satellite-based annual area burned estimates are an average 5 to 10 times higher than official Russian data [7,25]. There are several issues responsible for such uncertainty, including predominance of surface fires within pine forests of Northern Eurasia [26]. While surface fires affected vast areas of boreal forests, their effect on forest cover, direct carbon emissions, albedo change, and postfire successional trajectories is different from stand-replacement fires [27,28].…”

Section: Wildfiresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest Cover Change within the Russian European North after the Breakdown of Soviet Union (1990–2005)

Potapov

Turubanova

Zhuravleva³

et al. 2012

International Journal of Forestry Research

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Forest cover dynamics (defined as tree canopy cover change without regard to forest land use) within the Russian European North have been analyzed from 1990 to 2005 using a combination of results from two Landsat-based forest cover monitoring projects: 1990-2000 and 2000-2005. Results of the forest cover dynamics analysis highlighted several trends in forest cover change since the breakdown of the Soviet planned economy. While total logging area decreased from the 1990-2000 to the 2000-2005 interval, logging and other forms of anthropogenically-induced clearing increased within the Central and Western parts of the region. The most populated regions of European Russia featured the highest rates of net forest cover loss. Our results also revealed intensive gross forest cover loss due to forest felling close to the Russian-Finland border. The annual burned forest area almost doubled between the two time intervals. The 2000-2005 gross forest cover gain results suggest that tree encroachment on abandoned agriculture land is a wide-spread process over the region. The analysis demonstrates the value of regional-scale Landsat-based forest cover and change quantification. Our results supplemented official data by providing independently derived spatial information that could be used for assessing on-going trends and serve as a baseline for future forest cover monitoring.

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Analysis of the Distribution of Forest Fires in Russia

Cited by 73 publications

References 0 publications

Simulating Changes in Fires and Ecology of the 21st Century Eurasian Boreal Forests of Siberia

Simulating Changes in Fires and Ecology of the 21st Century Eurasian Boreal Forests of Siberia

Particulate emissions from fires in central Siberian Scots pine forests

Forest Cover Change within the Russian European North after the Breakdown of Soviet Union (1990–2005)

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