Analysis of the Negative Daily Temperatures Influence on the Failure Rate of the Water Supply Network

Abstract

As a part of the critical infrastructure, water supply systems must be characterized by an appropriate level of operational reliability and safety. One of the threats to this is the failure of the water supply network, influenced by many factors, among which we can distinguish internal factors related to the process of designing, construction and system operation, and external factors related to the impact of the environment. The paper presents the influence of negative daily temperature on the failure rate of the water supply network, taking into account the material of the pipes, their diameters, and the cause of failure. The research was carried out on operational data from the period 2004–2018 from the water supply network in a city located in south-eastern Poland. The relationship between the daily temperature and the failure rate of the water supply system has been shown. As the temperature values drop, the failure rate values increase. The biggest influence of the negative daily temperature on the water supply network failure rate is observed for cast iron pipes. PE and PVC pipes are more resistant to the influence of negative temperatures. The most common cause of failure is corrosion and unsealing of the pipes. Pipes with the diameters of 100, 150, 300, 350, and 400 mm in distribution and main networks turned out to fail most often. These results can be used by water supply companies to limit the influence of factors related to negative daily temperatures on the failure rate of the water supply network.

A New Concept of Crisis Water Management in Urban Areas Based on the Risk Maps of Lack of Water Supply in Response to European Law

“…The requirements for all CWSS consist mainly in securing the water consumer's needs, i.e., providing water in good quality, in the appropriate amount, under the right pressure and at any time of the day or night [12,13]. Water supply system failures are the main reasons for the loss of safety by water consumers, resulting in no or limited water supply [14][15][16]. Failures may arise as a result of random events or as a result of human activity, but most often they are the sum of several factors.…”

Assessment of the impacts of climat change on water supply system pipe failures

“…Failures of water pipes cause expensive direct and indirect costs to the community. Climate is considered one of the significant factors influencing pipe failure 1 . Climate change is expected to alter the temperature and precipitation patterns in the future, which then alters the patterns of pipe failure 2 , 3 .…”

“…It is also suitable for providing a more interpretable results with rich dataset 18 . For example, Żywiec, Boryczko 1 calculated the failure rate at different temperatures in the study of water system in Poland. Wols, Vogelaar 19 used the statistical analysis to study the influence of temperature, precipitation, and wind speed on the water system’s failure rate.…”

Assessment of the Impacts of Climate Change on Water Supply System Pipe Failures

“…Failures of water pipes cause expensive direct and indirect costs to the community. Climate is considered one of the significant factors influencing pipe failure (Żywiec, Boryczko et al 2021).…”

“…Statistical models have been widely used to study the impacts of climate change on water infrastructure system due to their simplicity and interpretability (Laucelli, Rajani et al 2014, Bruaset andSaegrov 2018). For example, Żywiec, Boryczko et al (2021) calculated the failure rate at different temperatures in the study of water system in Poland. Wols, Vogelaar et al (2019) used the statistical analysis to study the influence of temperature, precipitation, and wind speed on the water system's failure rate.…”