Analysis of the phase transformation of AlSi10Mg during Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Wimmer, Andreas; Lehmann, Maja; Schuler, Adrian; Zaeh, Michael F.

doi:10.1016/j.procir.2020.09.034

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…With the chosen scanning speed of 0.375 m/s, the image details set on the camera, and the frame rate of 9762.5 Hz, the melt pool appeared on about 44 frames within the resolved window. Due to the high number of frames and the unstable emissivity in the liquid phase, the melt pool geometry was evaluated with an automated algorithm that uses a reference temperature at the point of the phase transition [40]. Thus, the melt pool geometry was determined independently of the emissivity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Numerical Investigations of In Situ Alloying during Powder Bed Fusion of Metals Using a Laser Beam

Wimmer

Yalvac

Zoeller

et al. 2021

Metals

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Powder Bed Fusion of Metals using a Laser Beam (PBF-LB/M) is increasingly utilized for the fabrication of complex parts in various industrial sectors. Enabling a robust and reproducible manufacturing process is one of the main goals in view of the future success of PBF-LB/M. To meet these challenges, alloys that are specifically adapted to the process are required. This paper demonstrates the successful interplay of simulation studies with experimental data to analyze the basic phenomena of in situ alloying. The meshless Smoothed-Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method was employed for the numerical simulation of two-component powder systems considering both thermodynamics and fluid mechanics in the solid and the melt phase. The simulation results for the in situ alloying of stainless steel 316L blended with the aluminum alloy AlSi10Mg were enriched and validated with the data from a novel experimental test bench. The combination of both approaches can enhance the understanding of the process for in situ alloying. Therefore, future investigations of the PBF-LB/M process with multi-component powder systems can benefit from detailed numerical studies using SPH.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Numerical Investigations of In Situ Alloying during Powder Bed Fusion of Metals Using a Laser Beam

Wimmer

Yalvac

Zoeller

et al. 2021

Metals

Self Cite

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“…For the analysis, = 0.53 was chosen according to [17]. Due to the highly unstable emission coefficient in and around the phase transition, the evaluation of the melt pool geometry was carried out according to [18]. The melt pool geometry was therefore measured with no dependency on the emission coefficient.…”

Section: Transmission and Emission Coefficientmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To evaluate the frames, a MATLAB code based on [18] was extended. The first step consisted of locating the pixel with the highest temperature.…”

Section: Image Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ alloying: investigation of the melt pool stability during powder bed fusion of metals using a laser beam in a novel experimental set-up

et al. 2021

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The limited access to materials for the Powder Bed Fusion of Metals using a Laser Beam (PBF-LB/M) is compensated by in situ alloying. Individual melt pool characteristics can be specifically influenced to improve the mechanical properties of the final part. However, conventional PBF-LB/M machines allow only limited access for detailed observation of the process zone and, in particular, the melt pool. This paper presents a methodology for systematically analyzing the melt pool in the cross section to determine the in situ variation of the melt pool depth. A custom PBF-LB/M test bench was devised to enable investigation of the process zone using high-speed infrared cameras. The image data were processed automatically using a dedicated algorithm. The methodology was applied to analyze the effect of additives on the melt pool stability. Stainless steel 316L powder was blended with the aluminum alloy AlSi10Mg by up to 20 wt.%. It was found that the blended powder significantly reduced the variation of the melt pool depth.

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