Anatomical exposure patterns of skin to sunlight: relative contributions of direct, diffuse and reflected ultraviolet radiation

Abstract

The importance of diffuse UV radiation should not be underestimated when advocating preventive measures. Messages focused on avoiding acute direct exposures may be of limited efficiency to prevent skin cancers associated with chronic exposure.

Occupational UV Exposure in French Outdoor Workers

“…[27][28] There is no specific legal constraint in France defining occupational exposure limits to solar UV radiation to which we could compare our results. However, ICNIRP's recommends a maximum of about 1.0 to 1.3 SED [26] which would be regularly and largely exceeded in several workers in the present study.…”

Anatomical UV Exposure in French Outdoor Workers

“…The contribution of spring appears to be only 10% to 30% lower than the contribution of summer. Several factors as follows could explain this: (1) most of the body sites are not horizontally oriented, and thus more prone to be exposed when the sun is not at its highest zenith position; (2) work during the hottest periods (around lunch in summer) is uncomfortable and avoided when possible by regular outdoor workers; and (3) as shown previously, 15 the diffuse light component is the major contributor to the yearly dose. The ''peak'' period for diffuse exposure is not limited to the summer period.…”

Câncer relacionado ao trabalho: uma revisão sistemática

“…Estudos recentes têm revelado um aumento no risco de desenvolvimento de câncer de pele em trabalhadores expostos por longo período à radiação ultravioleta [68][69][70] . Trabalhadores agrícolas vêm apresentando risco aumentado em desenvolver câncer de pele não apenas por estarem expostos à luz solar durante seu dia de trabalho, mas por estarem expostos a agrotóxicos arsenicais, que também têm sido associados ao câncer de pele 27,71 .…”