Anatomy and ultrastructure of floral nectary of lnula helenium L (Asteraceae)

Sulborska, Aneta; Weryszko-Chmielewska, Elżbieta

doi:10.5586/asbp.2007.023

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Myelin-like figures were visible in the secretory cells in the cytoplasm as well. They had the same appearance as those found in the Inula helenium nectary (Sulborska and Weryszko-Chmielewska 2007). Elaioplasts, which stored fats, were found in the structure of the epithelial cells.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Microstructural and histochemical analysis of aboveground organs of Centaurea cyanus used in herbal medicine

2019

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Centaurea cyanus L. is a valuable source of many different bioactive substances. It is used in herbal medicine, but the structure of its organs used as raw material and secretory tissues has been insufficiently examined. The aim of this paper was to investigate the microstructure of C. cyanus flowers, bracts, stems and leaves with particular emphasis on secretory structures. Moreover, the main classes of secondary metabolites present in the secretion were identified and the taxonomic value of some micromorphological and anatomical features was analysed. Histochemical, micromorphological and ultrastructural analyses of aboveground organs of C. cyanus were carried out using light, fluorescence, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The analyses revealed the presence of petal papillae and a characteristic cuticular pattern on the petals, stamens and stylar hairs. There were four types of non-glandular trichomes on the bracts, leaves and stem surfaces. The epidermal cells of the bracts contained prismatic calcium oxalate crystals. Two kinds of secretory structures, i.e. glandular trichomes and ducts, were observed in the C. cyanus organs. The glandular trichomes were located on the bract and stem surfaces, and the ducts were detected in the leaves and stems. Ultrastructural analyses of the epithelium of the ducts showed the presence of strongly osmiophilic insoluble phenolic material in vacuoles as well as moderately osmiophilic insoluble lipidic material in elaioplasts and vesicles. The results of histochemical assays showed a heterogeneous nature of the duct secretion, which contained essential oil, lipids, flavonoids, tannins and terpenes containing steroids.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Microstructural and histochemical analysis of aboveground organs of Centaurea cyanus used in herbal medicine

2019

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“…Nectar exudation through the stomata of nectaries of different structure has been found in many plants: Eucalyptus (Davis, 1997), Digitalis (Gaffal et al 1998), Ecbalium (Fahn andShimony, 2001), Crataegus (Weryszko-Chmielewska et al, 2003), Myosotis (Weryszko-Chmielewska, 2003), Rhododendron (Weryszko-Chmielewska and Chwil, 2007), Inula (Sulborska and Weryszko-Chmielewska, 2007) and Echium (Chwil and WeryszkoChmielewska, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staminodial Nectary Structure in Two Pulsatilla (L.) Species

Weryszko-Chmielewska¹,

Sulborska²

2011

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia Series Botanica

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In plants belonging to the Ranunculaceae the floral nectaries may differ in origin, location in the flower, shape and structure. In many cases they are defined as modified tepals or modified stamens. The nectary organs in this family are frequently termed "honey leaves," and staminodial origin is attributed to them. Gynopleural and receptacular nectaries are rarely found in Ranunculaceae. To date there are no reports on the structure of the nectary organs in plants of the genus Pulsatilla. We used light and scanning electron microscopy to study the location and structure of the nectaries in Pulsatilla slavica and P. vulgaris flowers. The staminodial nectaries were found to be nectar-secreting organs. The number of stamens per flower (102-398) increases with plant age. The share of staminodes is 12-15%. The staminodes are composed of a filament and a modified head. They are green due to the presence of chloroplasts in the epidermal and parenchymal cells. The parenchymal cells are in a loose arrangement. Stomata (3-20), through which nectar exudation occurred, were found only in the abaxial epidermis of the staminode head. The stomata are evenly distributed and have well-developed outer cuticular ledges. Some of them are immature during nectar secretion, with their pores covered by a layer of cuticle. During the activity of the nectariferous organs in the flowers, primary (on the staminode surface) and secondary nectar (at the base of tepals) are presented. The staminodes of the two Pulsatilla species show similar structural features and have similar shares in the androecium.K Ke ey y w wo or rd ds s: : Staminodial nectaries, structure, micromorphology, nectar exudation, Pulsatilla slavica, P. vulgaris. ACTA BIOLOGICA CRACOVIENSIA Series Botanica 53

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“…2). In our work, survivorship given by the Asteroideae A. arvensis and C. myconis did not differ from water since the nectaries of these plants can be inaccessible for E. flabellatus because they are usually set at the base of the style in the disc floret (Sulborska and Weryszko-Chimielewska 2007) and the size of the parasitoid did not allow to reach them. The no effects on lifespan for E. plantagineum could be due to the long tube depth compared to the size of the parasitoid (Table 1, Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

Wild flower resources and insect honeydew are potential food items for Elasmus flabellatus

Villa

Santos

Mexia

et al. 2017

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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Adult parasitoids need non-host food such as nectar or honeydew for survival and reproduction. In a conservation biological control strategy, the knowledge about non-host feeding of parasitoid species is a key factor to successfully increase their action. The nutritional behavior of Elasmus flabellatus (Fonscolombe) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), a major parasitoid of the olive moth, Prays oleae (Bernard) (Lepidoptera: Praydidae), is completely unknown. Survival experiments were performed on two secondary olive pest honeydews and eight common flowering plant species in order to analyze their suitability as potential food sources for E. flabellatus females. Abdomen and gut dissections were carried out to verify the pollen consumption and the egg production. Floral architecture and insect morphology were described. Cox's proportional hazard regression models were used to analyze the differences between parasitoid survivals. Honeydews secreted by Saissetia oleae (Olivier) (Hemiptera: Coccidae) and Euphyllura olivina (Costa) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) resulted in the best performance followed by the flowers of Malva sylvestris L. (Malvaceae), Daucus carota L. (Apiaceae), and the Cichorioideae Tolpis barbata (L.) and Andryala integrifolia L. Theoretical flower resources accessibility were assessed and related with the survival results. E. flabellatus females did not consume pollen and did not produce eggs, suggesting that the species is synovigenic and requires additional foods for egg production. In sustainable pest control programs, this novel knowledge is a promising opportunity for improving suitable food resources of E. flabellatus in the field.

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Anatomy and ultrastructure of floral nectary of lnula helenium L (Asteraceae)

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

Microstructural and histochemical analysis of aboveground organs of Centaurea cyanus used in herbal medicine

Microstructural and histochemical analysis of aboveground organs of Centaurea cyanus used in herbal medicine

Staminodial Nectary Structure in Two Pulsatilla (L.) Species

Wild flower resources and insect honeydew are potential food items for Elasmus flabellatus

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