Anemia and its association with Helicobacter pylori infection among adult dyspeptic patients attending Wachemo University Nigist Eleni Mohammad Memorial Referral Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background Anemia is a worldwide public health problem and also associated with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. Determining the association of anemia with H. pylori infection is important to develop evidence-based decision and intervention strategies, which is not well known in Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed to determine the association between anemia and H. pylori infection among adult dyspeptic patients attending Wachemo University Nigist Eleni Mohammad Memorial Referral Hospital in Southwest Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to April 2019 involving 362 consecutive adult dyspeptic patients who came to the hospital during the study period. Socio-demographic, clinical and other related data were collected by structured questionnaires. Four milliliters of the venous blood sample was collected for hematological parameters analysis and blood film preparation. A stool sample was collected to detect H. pylori antigen and intestinal parasites. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 21. Logistic regression analyses were performed and p-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results The overall prevalence of anemia among dyspeptic patients was 24.3% (95%CI: 19.9–28.7). Among H.pylori infected participants 29.2% were anemic, of which 69.2% had mild anemia and 63.5% had normocytic normochromic anemia. Rural residence (AOR: 1.9, 95%CI: 1.1–3.3), H. pylori infection (AOR: 1.77, 95%CI: 1.05–2.98) and intestinal parasitic infection (AOR: 2.14, 95%CI: 1.14–4.03) were significantly associated with anemia. Conclusion The prevalence of anemia in this study indicated that it is a moderate public health problem. Rural residence, H. pylori and intestinal parasitic infection were significantly associated with anemia. The findings of this study should be taken into account for the prevention and control of anemia among dyspeptic adults.

Impact of Dietary Patterns on H. pylori Infection and the Modulation of Microbiota to Counteract Its Effect. A Narrative Review

“…Infection with H. pylori is very prevalent around the world. It is estimated that 48.6% of the global adult population is affected [ 3 ]. All patients infected with H. pylori suffer from inflammation of the gastric mucosa (chronic gastritis), while, in some cases, the disease becomes more developed (e.g., peptic ulcer, gastric adenocarcinoma, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma) [ 2 , 4 ].…”

“…H. pylori produces ammonia through urease activity, protecting itself from gastric acidity and other enzymes, such as phospholipase A2 and C, and glucosulphatase, which handle gastric mucosal damage [ 13 ] and chronic superficial gastritis, leading to atrophy of the gastric glands and resulting in reduced gastric acid secretion. Infection with H. pylori is also associated with anemia, as it impairs iron absorption as a result of chronic gastritis and gastric hypochlorhydria [ 3 ]. Infection during early childhood is associated with an augmented risk of coeliac disease [ 14 ].…”

Association Between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Anemia Among Adult Dyspeptic Patients Attending Kiryandongo General Hospital, Uganda

“…This was done according to a similar study carried out in Southwest Ethiopia where the prevalence of anemia was 24.3% 17 using the Kish and Leslie formula.…”

The Effects of Vitamins and Micronutrients on Helicobacter pylori Pathogenicity, Survival, and Eradication: A Crosstalk between Micronutrients and Immune System

“…Moreover, the progression of H. pylori -induced infection can cause gastritis or duodenitis which might further result in gastrointestinal blood loss and anemia [ 203 ]. In addition, H. pylori induces hepcidin expression and thereby decreases iron secretion from macrophages [ 204 ]. The reduction in free iron elements can lead to cobalamin malabsorption due to the decreased iron-dependent cobalamin transporters [ 203 ].…”