Angiotensin-I Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Activities of Common Edible Cephalopods and their Antioxidative Effects using differentin vitroModels

Abstract

Antioxidant and antihypertensive potential of ethyl acetate-methanol (EtOAc-MeOH) extract of cephalopods, Amphioctopus marginatus, Uroteuthis duvaucelii, Sepia pharaonis, Sepiella inermis and Cistopus indicus were evaluated using different in vitro systems. EtOAc-MeOH fractions of S. inermis, A. marinates and C. indicus showed greater ferrous ion chelating ability (IC 90 5.01-5.8 mg/mL), and were effective in neutralizing the ABTS (IC 90 3.5-4.01 mg/mL), and DPPH radicals (IC 90 4.69-5.8 mg/ mL). The utilities of deconvolated 1 H and 13 C-NMR spectroscopy for analyzing the signature peaks and abundance of bioactive functional groups in the extracts of cephalopods were illustrated. The EtOAc-MeOH extract derived from S. inermis showed greater angiotensin-converting enzyme-I (ACE-I) inhibitory activity (IC 90 0.45 mg/mL) than other cephalopods (IC 90 > 0.50 mg/mL). A significant colinearity was found between the electronegative groups present in the downfield position of NMR spectra vis-a-vis antioxidative and ACE-inhibitory activities of EtOAc-MeOH extracts from C. indicus and S. inermis. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThe edible cephalopod species are largely accessible in the coastal areas of India and exhibited a number of potential bioactivities against various diseases caused by free radical formation that can cause oxidative stress. This study revealed the bioactive potential of cephalopods, particularly Sepiella inermis, Amphioctopus marginatus and Cystopus indicus as potential angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. The utilities of nuclear magnetic resonance-based spectroscopic tools for analyzing the relative abundance of the functional groups, which were responsible for bioactivities present in the ethyl acetate-methanol extracts of cephalopod species have been illustrated. The results from the present study will be helpful to develop new generation leads as nutraceuticals from the cephalopod species and in combating oxidative stress induced hypertensive disorders.

High-value compounds from the molluscs of marine and estuarine ecosystems as prospective functional food ingredients: An overview

“…Antioxidant potencies of the crude extracts of cephalopods, such as S. pharaonis , U. duvauceli , C. indicus , S. inermis and A. marginatus were previously reported ( Chakraborty & Joy, 2017 , Chakraborty et al, 2017 ). These established that the greater total phenolic contents in molluscs might play an important role in inhibiting the free radicals, and the total phenolic contents were positively correlated with their antioxidant activities ( Chakraborty et al, 2017 , Moncheva et al, 2004 ). Potential radical scavenging activities of C. indicus and S. inermis might be due to the presence of substituted oligosaccharide fractions with hydroxyl groups and unsaturations.…”

“…Cephalopods were considered as significant resources of bioactive metabolites with prominent bioactive potentials ( Chakraborty & Joy, 2017 , Chakraborty et al, 2017 ). Knowledge of bioactive compounds from these organisms would help to develop newer pharmacophore agents ( Chakraborty & Joy, 2017 ).…”

“…Potential radical scavenging activities of C. indicus and S. inermis might be due to the presence of substituted oligosaccharide fractions with hydroxyl groups and unsaturations. These could effectively donate the protons to the free radical by hydrogen atom transfer mechanism ( Chakraborty et al, 2017 ). Methanol and ethyl acetate tissue extracts of Littorina littorea ( Borquaye, Darko, Oklu, Anson-Yevu, & Ababio, 2016 ) and the ink extract of S. officinalis displayed antioxidant potentials ( Soliman, Fahmy, & El-Abied, 2015 ).…”

Efficacy of fermented goat milk on blood pressure in prehypertensive adults: A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial

“…Then AT‐II promotes the excretion‐secretion of aldosterone in the adrenal cortex. Aldosterone enhances the blood volume and thereby increasing SBP (Chakraborty et al, ; Park et al, ). ACE inhibitors repress the action of ACE, slow down the breakdown of bradykinin—strong vasodilator, therefore stimulating vasodilation and thereby reducing BP.…”

“…Hypertension is well regulated by the renin‐angiotensin system (RAS) through modulating various factors like angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE), bradykinin, kinin‐nitric‐oxide system (KNOS). ACE is a primary regulator of BP in the RAS (Chakraborty, Joy, Krishna Raola, & Makkar, ; Lin, Lv, & Li, ). Renin cleaves the N‐terminal segment of angiotensinogen to form the biologically inert AT‐I.…”