Annual banned‐substance review: analytical approaches in human sports drug testing

Comparison between triple quadrupole, time of flight and hybrid quadrupole time of flight analysers coupled to liquid chromatography for the detection of anabolic steroids in doping control analysis

“…Besides the anabolic steroids stated in the prohibited list, doping control laboratories have to face with the constantly increasing number of often illegally produced steroids [8]. As an example, the steroid tetrahydrogestrinone was misused by some athletes even though it was never commercially available [9].…”

Application of comprehensive 2D chromatography in the anti-doping field: Sample identification and quantification

“…In several of these yearly updates, the authors have noted relevant two-dimensional GC publications, mostly in the initial screening procedures for anabolic androgenic steroids section, and are discussed in detail below. Most of these were early in these years [17][18][19] with the authors suggesting in the 2010 review that the "two-dimensional chromatographic approach an interesting contribution". [17] More recently they noted the use of heart-cutting (Dean's switch), this is carried out for the confirmatory testing procedures, specifically the combustion isotope ratio mass spectrometry.…”

“…Most of these were early in these years [17][18][19] with the authors suggesting in the 2010 review that the "two-dimensional chromatographic approach an interesting contribution". [17] More recently they noted the use of heart-cutting (Dean's switch), this is carried out for the confirmatory testing procedures, specifically the combustion isotope ratio mass spectrometry. [20][21][22] Although the authors have found most 2D chromatography literature in this category, herein is included literature from the other prohibited list categories, where found.…”

Validation of a GC/MS method for the detection of two quinolinone-derived selective androgen receptor modulators in doping control analysis

“…Moreover, additional in vivo and in vitro metabolism experiments were conducted and the detection of major metabolites was implemented in existing sport drug testing [25,38,39]. Although several methods for the detection of SARMs employing liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (MS) techniques were recently described, the analysis of this class of substances using conventional gas chromatography (GC)/MS approaches would be a useful complementary method as GC/MS systems are still an extensively employed tool in sport drug testing [40]. In the present work, two quinolinone-derived SARMs that possess tissue-selective androgen receptor agonist activity [41,42], and not commercially available, were chemically synthesized (Fig.…”