Anthocyanin-Rich Blackcurrant Extract Attenuates Ovariectomy-Induced Bone Loss in Mice

Zheng, Xin; Mun, Sewhan; Lee, Sang Gil; Vance, Terrence M.; Hubert, Patrice; Koo, Sung I.; Lee, Sun-Kyeong; Chun, Ock K.

doi:10.1089/jmf.2015.0148

Cited by 32 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The anthocyanin content of BC is composed of delphinidin (74% of total anthocyanins) and cyanidin (26%) [ 15 ], and delphinidin has been found to prevent bone resorption [ 16 ]. Animal studies [ 17 , 18 , 19 ] have demonstrated that certain fruits rich in anthocyanins improve bone mass. However, these studies utilized an ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporosis model, which mimics postmenopausal estrogen deficiency but does not specifically mimic the effects of aging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blackcurrant Supplementation Improves Trabecular Bone Mass in Young but Not Aged Mice

et al. 2018

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Due to deleterious side effects of currently available medications, the search for novel, safe, and effective preventive agents for improving bone health in aging continues and is urgently needed. This study aimed to determine whether dietary blackcurrants (BC), an anthocyanin-rich berry, can improve bone mass in a mouse model of age-related bone loss. Thirty-five female C57BL/6J mice, 3 months old (n = 20) and 18 months old (n = 15), were randomized to consume either a standard chow diet or a standard chow diet with 1% (w/w) BC for four months. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, Micro computed tomography (µCT), and histomorphometric analyses were conducted to assess bone parameters on femurs. Biochemical assays were conducted to determine bone resorption, antioxidant activity, and inflammation in humerus homogenates. Trabecular bone volume (BV/TV) was significantly lower in aged mice compared to young mice (young control, 3.7 ± 0.4% vs aged control, 1.5 ± 0.5%, mean ± SEM (standard error of mean), p < 0.01; young BC, 5.3 ± 0.6% vs aged BC, 1.1 ± 0.3%, p < 0.001). µCT analysis revealed that BC supplementation increased trabecular BV/TV in young mice by 43.2% (p < 0.05) compared to controls. Histomorphometric analysis revealed a 50% increase, though this effect was not statistically significant (p = 0.07). The osteoblast surface increased by 82.5% in aged mice with BC compared to controls (p < 0.01). In humerus homogenates of young mice, BC consumption reduced C-telopeptide of type I collagen by 12.4% (p < 0.05) and increased glutathione peroxidase by 96.4% (p < 0.05). In humerus homogenates of aged mice, BC consumption increased catalase by 12% (p = 0.09). Aged mice had significantly elevated concentrations of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), a pro-inflammatory cytokine contributing to bone resorption, which was reduced by 43.3% with BC consumption (p = 0.06). These results suggest that early consumption of BC may protect from aging-associated bone loss.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blackcurrant Supplementation Improves Trabecular Bone Mass in Young but Not Aged Mice

et al. 2018

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“…Additionally, they identified that the supplement treatment down-regulated Ovx-induced elevation of alkaline phosphatase, collagen and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) gene expression, suggesting that the bone-protective effect of blueberries may be due to the suppression of bone turnover (51). More recently, Zheng et al (52) identified that Ovx mice (14 weeks old) given a diet containing 1% anthocyanin-rich blackcurrant extract for 12 weeks had significantly greater femur BMD compared with Ovx control mice. Notably, they demonstrated that the extract reduced the number of TRAP-positive osteoclast-like cells and bone resorption activity, and concluded that the extract may alleviate bone loss by suppressing osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These other studies suggested that the effects of berry fruits or their extract on bone metabolism were more likely to be exerted through the suppression of bone resorption. Although previous in vivo studies (51,52) used mature Ovx rats, the rats used in the study by Zhang et al (56) were young Ovx rats in pre-pubertal growth stage. The ages of rats and the time after Ovx are important factors that may influence bone response following Ovx (39).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of anthocyanin-rich bilberry extract on bone metabolism in ovariectomized rats

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Menopause is associated with increased oxidative stress, which serves a role, in part, in the pathogenesis of postmenopausal bone loss. Fruits and vegetables are rich in antioxidative nutrients and phytochemicals. Berries are a natural source of anthocyanins, and their intake may improve bone health. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of an anthocyanin-rich bilberry extract (VME) on bone metabolism in an ovariectomized (Ovx) rat. Female Sprague-Dawley rats (12 weeks old) were randomly divided into the following four groups: Baseline, Sham, Ovx and Ovx+VME (n=8-12 rats per group). Rats in the Baseline group were sacrificed immediately, while those in the other groups were subjected to either sham operation (Sham) or bilateral Ovx (Ovx and Ovx+VME). Rats in the Ovx+VME group were administered VME daily at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight. At 8 weeks after surgery, bone mass and bone histomorphometry were evaluated. The femur bone mineral density (BMD) in the Ovx group was significantly lower than that in the Sham group (P<0.01). Supplementation of VME in the Ovx rats did not result in an increase in BMD. Histomorphometric analyses revealed that Ovx resulted in decreased measures of bone volume and trabecular number and increased measures of osteoid volume, mineralizing surface and bone formation rates (all P<0.01), whereas VME had no significant effects on these parameters. The present findings indicate that VME did not alter bone metabolism in Ovx rats, suggesting that consumption of VME may not be helpful in preventing postmenopausal bone loss.

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“…Several studies indicate that blackcurrant anthocyanins exhibit a range of health benefits, including antioxidant [ 48 , 49 ] and anti-inflammatory effects [ 50 , 51 ], which could potentially improve bone remodeling. Several studies have utilized ovariectomized (OVX) animals to mimic the estrogen deficiency of menopause, and have found that supplementation with blueberry or blackcurrant attenuated the OVX-induced bone loss ( Table 3 ) [ 52 , 53 , 54 ].…”

Section: Antioxidant Intake and Bone Health: Potential Benefits Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of AOPP in Age-Related Bone Loss and the Potential Benefits of Berry Anthocyanins

Melough

Sun

2017

Nutrients

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Age-related bone loss is a major factor in osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures among the elderly. Because bone homeostasis involves a balance between bone formation and resorption, multiple mechanisms may induce age-dependent changes in bone. Oxidative stress is one such factor that contributes to the pathology of aging-associated osteoporosis (AAO). Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) are a biomarker of oxidant-mediated protein damage, and can also act to increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby perpetuating oxidative damage. AOPP is a relatively novel marker of oxidative stress, and its role in bone aging has not been fully elucidated. Furthermore, it has been theorized that dietary antioxidants may decrease AOPP levels, thereby reducing AAO risk, but a limited number of studies have been specifically targeted at addressing this hypothesis. Therefore, the objective of this review is to examine the findings of existing research on the role of AOPP in age-related bone loss, and the potential use of dietary antioxidants to mitigate the effects of AAOP on age-related bone loss. Cross-sectional studies have delivered mixed results, showing that AOPP levels are inconsistently associated with bone loss and aging. However, in vitro studies have documented multiple mechanisms by which AOPP may lead to bone loss, including upregulation of the JNK/p38 MAPK signaling pathways as well as increasing expression of sclerostin and of receptor activator of NFκB ligand (RANKL). Studies also indicate that antioxidants—especially berry anthocyanins—may be an effective dietary agent to prevent aging-associated bone deterioration by inhibiting the formation of AOPP and ROS. However, the understanding of these pathways in AAO has largely been based on in vitro studies, and should be examined in further animal and human studies in order to inform recommendations regarding dietary anthocyanin use for the prevention of AAO.

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Anthocyanin-Rich Blackcurrant Extract Attenuates Ovariectomy-Induced Bone Loss in Mice

Cited by 32 publications

References 30 publications

Blackcurrant Supplementation Improves Trabecular Bone Mass in Young but Not Aged Mice

Blackcurrant Supplementation Improves Trabecular Bone Mass in Young but Not Aged Mice

Effect of anthocyanin-rich bilberry extract on bone metabolism in ovariectomized rats

The Role of AOPP in Age-Related Bone Loss and the Potential Benefits of Berry Anthocyanins

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