Anti-obesity and haematological effects of Malaysia Hibiscus sabdariffa L. aqueous extract on obese Sprague Dawley rats

Abstract

Background: Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Hs; Malvaceae) is commonly known as roselle or red sorrel in English or karkadè in Arabic. It is a tropical plant native to India and Malaysia. Roselle extracts have been widely reported to have beneficial health effects. The aim of this study was to determine the effective dose of Hs aqueous extract, which is a possible reducing agent in diet-induced obese rats, and monitoring any toxicological effect.Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats (n= 24) aged 6-7 weeks and weighing 210 ± 3.5 g (mean ± S.E.M) were used. The rats were fed a high fat diet (HFD) for 8 consecutive weeks to induce obesity. The animals were then randomly assigned to one of five groups based on the concentration of Hs aqueous extract. The normal group (NG) received a normal diet (commercial chow) throughout the study. The obese group (ObG) included obese rats administered with tap water ad libitum. Groups 1 (150 mg/kg), 2 (200 mg/kg), 3 (250 mg/kg), and 4 (300 mg/kg) were obese rats continuously fed with HFD in combination with the Hs extract for 10 weeks. The effect of Hs on some haematological and blood biochemical parameters were also evaluated.Results: Hs aqueous extract is a rich source of anthocyanins. The main compounds detected are delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside and delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside. The extract also possesses high antioxidant properties which may be caused by these anthocyanins. The anti-obesity effect of Hs aqueous extract was demonstrated by the significant reduction in the weight gain and abdominal weight (p < 0.05) between treated and non-treated groups, which was dose-dependent. Overall, our study demonstrated that oral administration of Hs at doses of 150, 200, 250, and 300 mg/kg for ten weeks did not cause any toxicity effect within the obese rats.Conclusions: The results of the study implied Hs aqueous extract at 300 mg/kg is the dose which can the most weight reduction effect with no severe haematological and biochemical changes in all experimental animals.Keywords: Hibiscus sabdariffa, obese rats, roselle, aqueous extract, and body weight

Nutritive Value of Roselle and Anti-anemic Effect of Its Beverages in Male Rats Exposed to Lead Toxicity: Comparative Study

“…Both cold and hot beverages of Roselle red calyces (CRB and HRB, respectively), as noticed in Table 3, induced significant decreases compared with untreated lead-exposed group, however, CRB was so efficient that could return BWG toward its normal value. The weight loss promoting effect of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. calyx beverages (CRB and HRB) is in harmony with Omar et al (2018) who revealed that oral SAMAH A. EL-HASHASH administration of Hs aqueous extracts (150,200,250, and 300 mg/kg) for 10 weeks caused a dosedependent reduction in BWG and abdominal fat in obese rats. The mechanisms by which Hs can induce weight loss were investigated in many studies.…”

“…The mechanisms by which Hs can induce weight loss were investigated in many studies. They included the ability of Hs to suppress appetite and adipogenesis and inhibit the activities of carbohydrate digestive enzymes including α-/β-glucosidase and α-amylase (Omar et al, 2018;Ojulari et al, 2019;Gondokesumo et al, 2017).…”

“…Huang et al (2015) explained that the high antioxidant activities of Roselle calyces can be attributed to its polyphenolic compounds such as protocatechuic acid, catechins, caffeic acid and epigallocatechin-gallate. Moreover, Omar et al (2018) revealed that delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside and delphinidin-3-Osambubioside, the main anthocyanins detected in Roselle extract, were found to be responsible to a large extent for its antioxidant properties. The antioxidant activity of Roselle calyces is due to their strong scavenging effect on reactive oxygen and free radicals (Farombi & Fakoya, 2005;Sayago-Ayerdi et al, 2007), inhibition of xanthine oxidase activity, protective action against tertbutyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced oxidative damage (Tseng et al, 1997), protection of cell from damage by lipid peroxidation (Farombi & Fakoya, 2005), inhibition in Cu2 + -mediated oxidation of low density lipoprotein and the formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs) (Hirunpanich et al, 2005;Ochani & D'Mello, 2009), reduction of glutathione depletion, decrease of blood activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase (Usoh et al, 2005), while in the liver it increased their activities as well as decreased malondialdehyde content (Famurewa et al, 2019;Hoseini et al, 2021).…”

Prevention of Hepatorenal Insufficiency Associated with Lead Exposure by Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Beverages Using In Vivo Assay

“…Conversely, the weight loss-promoting impact of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. calyx beverages (CRB and HRB) was reported from many previous studies. In this regard, it was revealed that oral Hs aqueous extract administration (150, 200, 250, and 300 mg/kg) for 10 weeks caused a dose-dependent reduction in BWG and abdominal fats in obese rats [ 32 ]. The mechanisms by which Hs can induce weight loss were investigated.…”

Potential of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. in managing FGF21 resistance in diet‐induced‐obesity rats via miR‐34a regulation

“…H. sabdariffa Linn. has been known as anti‐obesity because it has prevented or reduced bodyweight in obese rats (Anna Sheba & Ilakkia, 2016 ; J. K. Kim et al., 2007 ; Omar et al., 2018 ). The polyphenols in HSE prevent weight gain in diet‐induced‐obesity (Guardiola and Mach) rats and inhibit lipogenesis in the white adipose tissue at the molecular level (Herranz‐Lopez et al., 2017 ).…”