Potential of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. in managing FGF21 resistance in diet‐induced‐obesity rats via miR‐34a regulation

Abstract

Background: Obesity is a cause of FGF21 resistance, which affects the browning and thermogenesis process of the adipose tissue. Decreased receptor expression is influenced by miR-34a, whose expression is increased in obesity. While FGF21-based therapies have been widely investigated, the potential activity of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. extract (HSE) against FGF21 resistance is unknown.Objective: This study aims to determine the effects of HSE on the expression of miR-34a and FGF21 receptors in white adipose tissue.Methods: This experimental study used 24 male Sprague-Dawley rats and divided into four groups: Control (N); diet-induced-obesity rats (DIO); DIO rats with HSE 200 mg/kgBW/day and DIO rats with HSE 400 mg/kgBW/day. Rats were fed a highfat diet for 17 weeks. HSE was administered daily for 5 weeks. The administration of HSE 400 mg/kgBW/day resulted in the equivalent expression of miR-34a to that of the control (p > 0.05).Results: FGFR1 receptor expression was also similar to controls (p > 0.05). Beta-klotho expression was significantly lower than that of control (p < 0.05) but equivalent to that of DIO rats (p < 0.05). Conclusions:H. sabdariffa has the potential to reduce FGF21 resistance in DIO rats through the suppression of miR-34a expression and an increase in the number of FGFR1 and beta-klotho receptors in adipose tissue.

Hibiscus sabdariffa on Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21) on Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients

“…Hibiscus sabdariffa can also significantly reduce TNF-a by suppressing NFkB. In addition, polyphenols can increase FGFR1 and ß-klotho in research rats (Kartinah et al, 2022).…”

“…miR-34a can trigger chronic inflammation by inhibiting Klf4 expression, which can trigger macrophage infiltration which will produce TNF-α. TNF-α binds to its receptors to produce proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1ß and IL-6 (Kartinah et al, 2022). In people with diabetes mellitus, it is known to experience an increase in miR-34a levels.…”

“…From the research, it is known that administration of Hibiscus sabdariffa can overcome FGF21 resistance through increasing the expression of FGFR and Klb. Hibiscus sabdariffa is thought to suppress miR-34a as a regulator of FGFR and also ß-klotho expression (Kartinah et al, 2022).…”

“…So, Hibiscus sabdariffa has the potential to regulate FGF21 resistance by suppressing miR-34a expression and also increasing the number of FGF21 receptors, such as FGFR1 and also its coreceptor, namely ß-klotho (Kartinah et al, 2022).…”

“…Reduced PPARγ and C/EBP expression is associated with reduced miR-34a loss. By increasing the expression of FGFR and ß-klotho, this can suppress the occurrence of chronic inflammation and increase the sensitivity of the FGF21 receptor (Kartinah et al, 2022).…”