Anti-Stress Effect of Organo-Mineral Fertilizers in Winter Wheat Agrotechnology

Abstract

To study the effect of urea mineral fertilizer and new organo-mineral fertilizers Stimulife and potassium gutamate containing humid acids (humates) and selenium bioelement, which can affect the plant’s protective system, enhancing adaptive potential, winter wheat crops were treated with prima herbicide at a dose of 500 ml/ha. Visually, the suppression of crops and stress changes in plants were determined. After that, foliar fertilization with urea and organomineral fertilizers was carried out. The activity of the catalase enzyme (NF 1.11.1.6) of leaves when treated with organo-mineral fertilizers increased by 20.4% on the first day, then the increase decreased and on the fifth day it decreased to 11.2%. This type of change in catalase activity is caused by the protective and stimulating effect of the drugs Stimulife and potassium humate, and the protection of cells from the destructive effect of oxygen under stress. The aboveground mass of plants and area of leaves per plant increased, both with the use of urea up to 5.5% - as a result of additional nutrition, and with organo-mineral fertilizers up to 2.9% – as a protective effect against stressors, as a result of increased physiological and biochemical reactions. The content of sugars and fiber increased from the tillering phase to the tube exit phase, and by earing it decreased to the initial state. Urea treatment reduced the sugar content by up to 40%, as a result of the outflow of low-molecular metabolites from sugar formation processes to protein biosynthesis. The nitrogen content when using urea increased by 11.6%, which was provided by additional nitrogen nutrition.