Antibacterial and antibiotic-modifying activities of three food plants (Xanthosoma mafaffa Lam., Moringa oleifera (L.) Schott and Passiflora edulis Sims) against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria

Abstract

BackgroundThe present study was designed to investigate the antibacterial activities of the methanol extract of three edible plants, namely Xanthosoma mafaffa, Moringa oleifera and Passiflora edulis and their synergistic effects with some commonly used antibiotics against MDR Gram-negative bacteria expressing active efflux pumps.MethodsBroth microdilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of the extracts, as well as those of antibiotics in association with the extracts.ResultsThe phytochemical test indicate that all tested crude extracts contained polyphenols, triterpenes and steroids whilst other phytochemical classes were selectively distributed. Extracts showed antibacterial activities with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 128-1024 μg/mL on the majority of the 19 tested Gram-negative bacterial strains. Extract from the pericarp of P. edulis inhibited the growth of 89.5 % of the 19 tested bacterial strains, the lowest minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 128 μg/mL being recorded against Escherichia coli AG100 strain. In the presence of Phenylalanine-Arginine β-Naphtylamide (PAβN)], an efflux pump inhibitor (EPI), the activity of the extract from X. mafaffa increased on 40 % of tested strains. In combination with antibiotics, extracts of X. mafaffa, M. oleifera and pericarp of P. edulis showed synergistic effects with some antibiotics against more than 75 % of the tested bacteria.ConclusionThe results of the present study indicate that the tested plants may be used in the treatment of bacterial infections including the multi-resistant bacteria.

Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of some plant extracts against antibiotic susceptible and resistant bacterial strains causing wound infection

“…The experiments carried out by Daotam et al(2016) confirmed that the methanol extract of M. oleifera leaves showed different inhibition patterns against different bacterial strains including E. coli, E. aerogenes, K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa. Abdalla and Abdelgadir, (2016) reported that water and methanol extracts of M. chamomilla showed different degrees of antibacterial activities against bacteria, including P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, B. cereus and E. coli.…”

Moringin, A Stable Isothiocyanate from Moringa oleifera, Activates the Somatosensory and Pain Receptor TRPA1 Channel In Vitro

“…The biological activity of moringin extracts and moringin itself attracted the attention of a number of researchers in different areas. This phyto-compound possesses in fact a wide range of biological activities, including antioxidant [8], antimicrobial [9], antibacterial [6], antifungal and antiviral [10][11][12], and deterrent effects towards some insects. [13].…”

Biological, nutritional, and therapeutic significance of Moringa oleifera Lam

“…Numerous investigations have recommended that different extracts from various tissues of M. oleifera showed antibacterial properties against both gram‐negative and gram‐positive bacteria viz., fresh leaf juice against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus (Caceres, Cabrera, Morales, Mollinedo, & Mendia, ); aqueous leaf extract against S. aureus , Vibrio cholerae , and Escherichia coli (Vieira, Mourao, Angelo, Costa, & Vieira, ); methanol extract of leaves against 13 different bacterial strains tested, including E. coli , Enterobacter aerogenes , Klebsiella pneumonia , P. aeruginosa , and Providencia stuartii (Dzotam et al, ); ethanol extracts of foliages and seeds against Trichophyton rubrum , T. mentagrophytes , Epidermophyton floccosum , and Microsporum canis (Chuang et al, ); chloroform and ethanol extracts of seeds and foliage against E. coli , P. aeruginosa , S. aureus , and E. aerogenes (Bukar, Uba, & Oyeyi, ); chloroform extract of flowers and ethanol extract of pods against V. cholera , V. vulnificus , and V. mimicus (Brilhante et al (); water‐soluble seed lectin against S. aureus and E. coli (Ferreira et al, ); phenolics rich extract of seed flour against Bacillus cereus , S. aureus , E. coli , and Yersinia enterocolitica (Govardhan‐Singh, Negi, & Radha, ); hexane, petroleum ether, butanol, chloroform, acetone, ethyl acetate, methanol, and water extracts of pod husk against S. aureus , S. epidermidis , Salmonella typhimurium , E. coli , and K. pneumonia (Arora & Onsare, ); acetone extract of foliage against S. aureus , Enterococcus faecalis , E. coli , P. aeruginosa , Candida albicans , Aspergillus fumigates , and Cryptococcus neoformans (Ratshilivha, Awouafack, du Toit, & Eloff, ); aqueous, methanol and ethyl acetate extracts of seeds against E. coli , K. pneumoniae , Proteus mirabilis , P. aeruginosa , and S. aureus (Emmanuel et al, ); ethyl acetate extract of bark against S. aureus , Citrobacter freundii , B. megaterium , and P. fluoescens (Zaffer et al, ); flavonoids extract of seeds against S. aureus , P. aeruginosa , and C. albicans (Onsare & Arora, ).…”