Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Burn Patients: A Review of Current Trends and Recommendations for Treatment

Abstract

As nosocomial infections in burn patients are prevalent and dangerous, systemic antibiotic prophylaxis has been considered, beside other interventions. However, this kind of therapy has been questioned due to controversy related to its effectiveness and complications, such as drug toxicity and development of multidrug-resistance. This review includes evidence reported during the period 1966-2016. The quality of evidence and strength of recommendation of these guidelines are based on the GRADE system. Early post-burn prophylaxis showed no effectiveness for toxic shock syndrome or burn wound infection prevention (Grade 1C) in non-severe burn patients but it could be useful for those who had severe burns and require mechanical ventilation (Grade 2B). Perioperative prophylaxis would neither have indications for wound cleaning nor for devitalized tissue debridement of most burn patients (Grade 2B), but there is not enough evidence to make a strong recommendation to those who have extensive burns. Finally, prophylaxis could be used to prevent skin graft infections in selected procedures (Grade 2B).

Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens in Burn Wound, Prevention, Diagnosis, and Therapeutic Approaches (Conventional Antimicrobials and Nanoparticles)

“…Also, another study showed that resistance to the antibiotic administered for prophylaxis in burn patients significantly increased [ 67 ]. Furthermore, another study considers the importance of the grading system in the effectiveness of systemic antibiotic prophylaxis in burn patients [ 68 ]. However, the benefit of prophylaxis in patients with burn wounds requires more information, while the International Society for Burn Injury (ISBI) has not yet recommended systemic antibiotic prophylaxis for burn injury [ 69 ].…”

Microbial Robots to Treat the third Degree Burnt Patients: Review

“…Fluid resuscitation is another way of treatment. The utmost swift and productive procedure for closure of excised full-thickness burns is skin grafting [33]. Skin grafting is the type of graft surgery that involves skin transplantation.…”

Gambaran Prokalsitonin, Skor SOFA, dan Rasionalitas Pemberian Antibiotik pada Pasien Luka Bakar Berat di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung Periode Februari–Agustus 2021

“…Sebaliknya, pemberian antibiotik yang tidak sesuai akan menyebabkan berbagai macam konsekuensi seperti resistensi antimikrob yang akan memengaruhi luaran serta meningkatkan biaya perawatan. 1 Penelitian resistensi antibiotik pada pasien luka bakar di unit luka bakar RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung tahun 2016 menunjukkan sefotaksim merupakan antibiotik paling resisten, sedangkan meropenem sebagai antimikrob paling sensitif. Hingga saat ini, belum ada protokol pemberian antibiotik di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung untuk luka bakar sehingga harus menunggu hasil kultur yang dapat memakan waktu sekitar 3 hari sehingga diberikan profilaksis antibiotik ceftriaxone.…”