Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Bacterial Isolates from Different Clinical Specimens: Experience at NICVD, Dhaka

Abstract

Background: Infectious diseases are among the leading causes of death and sometimes curable. Bacteria are the most common etiology in hospitalized patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence of bacterial infections and their pattern of susceptibility to antibiotics in moderate and severe infections in patients admitted at NICVD hospital.Methodology: The study was performed in the apical teaching hospital of Bangladesh situated at Dhaka in the first half of 2012. Patients admitted in medical wards and medical ICU, suffering from moderate and severe infections were studied. Clinical evaluation, routine and specific investigations were done in each case. Microbiological samplings were tried on day 1, after completion of antibiotic therapy or in between as required. Aerobic bacterial culture and sensitivity tests were done. Result: A total of 274 cases were studied of which male (67.5%) were predominant than female (32.5%). The highest number of patients were in the age group of 30-60 years (53.6%) followed by 10- 30 years (24.5%) and more than 60 years (12.8%). The mean age with standard deviation was 39.15±19.07 years (range 1-90 years). Most common isolated bacteria was the Pseudomonas species (14.2%) followed by Escherichia coli (13.5%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (6.9%) and Staphylococcus aureus (2.2%). From these specimens Pseudomonas species (31.5%) was isolated mostly from pus. E. coli was found most commonly in pus (16.3%) and urine (14.1%). Staph saprophyticus (13.0%) and Staphylococcus aureus (4.3%) were both found most commonly in pus. Pseudomonas species was 100% resistant to Penicillin, Amoxycillin and Vancomycin. It was found that Pseudomonas species was still more than 90% sensitive only to Imipenem. Escherichia coli was more than 80% sensitive to only Imipenem and Amikacin. Staphylococcus aureus was sensitive to only Imipenem and Cephalexin. Conclusion: In this study Pseudomonas species and Escherichia coli are the most common isolated bacteria in this Institution. Most of the antibiotics are resistant to these two bacteria. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cardio.v5i1.12276 Cardiovasc. j. 2012; 5(1): 67-72

Distribution of Multi-Resistant Bacterial Isolates from Clinical Specimens in a Hospital Environment of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

“…In this study the highest prevalence of bacteria was isolated from urine followed by sputum, blood and wound infections. More or less a similar result was reported by MS Shahidullah et al 15 Negative outcome of inadequate and inappropriate antimicrobial treatment of infections caused by antibioticresistant bacteria has been shown in previously published studies. 1619 Hence it is suggested that the physicians need to reevaluate initial therapies to ensure appropriate antibiotic cov erage.…”

Teicoplanin and Meropenem Prophylaxis in Open Heart Surgery- Efficacy and Safety

“…Infection was considered when there was serous discharge from stitches, wound dehiscence, high temperature at temperature chart at ICU and wards, evidence of secondary suturing, sternal restabilization, antiseptic dressing, report of culture sensitivity of pus with positive infective micro-organisms and list of antibiotics sensitive or resistant to it, or any mortality due to infection in ICU and wards; or any evidence of renal impairment and other adverse effect such as 'red man syndrome'. 26 These findings were similar to this study . Teicoplanin was used to prevent sternal infection as Tecoplanin penetrates in to the bony tissue very well.…”

Bacteriological Spectrum of Different Infections and their Antibiogram at NICVD, Dhaka

“…11 It is particularly true for developing countries like Bangladesh where antibiotics are prescribed irrationally not only by the medical practitioners but the antibiotics are also purchased directly from the chemists like medicine shop keepers without prescription. 7 Palikhe reported similar reason. 12 It has been advised that clinicians should be aware of the rising resistance of bacteria to commonly prescribed antibiotics as well as the profile of antibiotic resistance.…”

“…17 Nasal carriage of S. aureus is an important risk factor for infection of surgical site as the organism is a normal flora in the nostrils. 7 Again, it is found that with the disruption of natural skin barrier Staphylococcus aureus, which is a common bacterium on surfaces of the body, can easily find the way into breach of the skin surfaces. The high prevalence of Pseudomonas infection may be because it is an exogenous source of infection and it is assumed that infection with this organism may also be due to contamination from the hospital environment.…”

“…1 The emerging resistance to the antibiotic creates problem during the treatment of infections among the cardiovascular disease patients. 7 Thus, there is always a demand of surveillance to monitor current resistance pattern of the commonly used antibiotics. The purpose of the present study was to see the current levels of antibiotic resistance to predominant pathogens encountered in different infections at a tertiary care hospital.…”